Improved Integration of Renewable Energy Sources with the Participation of Active Customers

Abstract

European countries are promoting the use of renewable energy sources in order to reduce their dependence on imported energy. Renewable sources of energy are a promising solution, but there are downsides too. The integration of renewable energy sources causes problems with the electric power systems, as their energy production is meteorologically dependent. In this paper a system is introduced that represents a solution to this problem, with the activation of users of the distribution part of the electricity network. The system connects the users of the distribution network that are willing to participate in the system environment based on market rules. The participation allows users to offer an adaptation of their consumption of electric energy or production in return for financial incentives. The system accepts or rejects the user's energy adaptation offers on the basis of market principles that are driven by the optimization method (genetic algorithms in the presented case). The system optimizes the total cost amount that is reflected in the integration of a larger portion of the renewable energy sources into the electric energy system. Testing the results of the system operation demonstrates that the developed solution has improved the integration of renewable energy sources and has enabled users to profit from their adaptation to energy consumption or production.

Planning a decentralised and bi‐directional market‐based management system

“…Typical procedures include mutation, recombination and crossover. (v) Review the termination criterion: If it is performed, stop the calculation, and the current global best individual is the final resolution; contrarily, generate new individuals (offspring) meant on the chosen individual, and go back to step (2). The termination model can be: when the maximum iteration number is entered; moreover, when the objective function f 0 stands a pre-defined tolerance.…”

“…However used, these techniques do not cover many problems such as the fluctuations in electricity prices because DRGs are dependent on the changing weather and varying the loads over time according to the customer's needs, which increases the uncertainties in the centralised grid. Therefore, many operator and control systems are driving toward using many mechanisms to find solutions to these problems such as demand response programs (DRPs), energy storage systems (ESSs) and decentralised controls [2][3][4].…”

Regulatory Options for Local Reserve Energy Markets: Implications for Prosumers, Utilities, and other Stakeholders

“…Further studies evaluate possible ways of introducing local markets from an administrative point of view. Corn et al (2014), for example, suggest implementing an internal market within balance groups 1 , where the balance group responsible party (BGRP) can control producers and consumers of energy to keep his registered energy schedule in balance. For this purpose, the producers and consumers are assumed to submit flexible offers that cover a certain period of time during which the cheapest are called whenever necessary.…”

A Surveillance of Direct-Firing System for Pulverized-Coal Using Statistically Treated Signals from Intrusive Electrostatic Sensors

“…Thermal power plants are nowadays forced to operate in extremely flexible mode [1] to help maintaining balance between the electricity production and consumption [2] and [3]. Flexibility of pulverizedcoal direct-fired thermal power plant is limited by instability of combustion process at low boiler loads and sudden changes of coal composition.…”