Improved Insulin Sensitivity in Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism After Physical Training

Sato, Yuzo; Hayamizu, Sayoko; Yamamoto, C.; Ohkuwa, Y.; Yamanouchi, Kunio; Sakamoto, Nobuo

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025781

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since we could ®nd no other training studies that involved normal children, we can only compare our results to those involving adults. Our results agree with the ®ndings from some of those studies (Sato et al 1986;Segal et al 1991;Soman et al 1979). However, our results are in contrast to previous cross-sectional studies (LeBlanc et al 1979;Pratley et al 1995) and longitudinal studies involving adults (Bursztyn et al 1993;Hurley et al 1991) that have indicated that training decreases glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of improvement in aerobic power on resting insulin and glucose concentrations in children

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study we determined the influence of improving aerobic power (VO(2max)) on basal plasma levels of insulin and glucose of 11- to 14-year-old children, while accounting for body fat, gender, pubertal status, and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels. Blood samples were obtained from 349 children after an overnight fast and analyzed for plasma insulin and glucose. Height, mass, body mass index (BMI), and sum of skinfolds (Sigma triceps + subscapular sites) were measured. LTPA levels and pubertal status were estimated from questionnaires, and VO(2max) was predicted from a cycle ergometry test. Regardless of gender, insulin levels were significantly correlated (P = 0.0001) to BMI, skinfolds, pubertal stage, and predicted VO(2max), but were not related to LTPA levels. Fasting glucose levels were not correlated to measures of adiposity or exercise (LTPA score, VO(2max)) for females; however, BMI and skinfolds were correlated for males (P < 0.006). The children then took part in an 8-week aerobic exercise program. The 60 children whose VO(2max) improved (>/=3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) had a greater reduction in circulating insulin than the 204 children whose VO(2max) did not increase -16 (41) vs -1 (63) pmol x l(-1); P = 0.028. The greatest change occurred in those children with the highest initial resting insulin levels. Plasma glucose levels were slightly reduced only in those children with the highest insulin levels whose VO(2max) improved (P < 0.0506). The results of this study indicate that in children, adiposity has the most significant influence on fasting insulin levels; however, increasing VO(2max) via exercise can lower insulin levels in those children with initially high levels of the hormone. In addition, LTPA does not appear to be associated with fasting insulin status, unless it is sufficient to increase VO(2max).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This change in insulin level has been demonstrated in both the adult-onset diabetic population (Zinamann et al 1982) and in normal adults (LeBlanc et al 1981;King et al 1987;Sato et al 1986). We now report a similar response in children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of improvement in aerobic power on resting insulin and glucose concentrations in children

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies showing significant reductions in body fat with exercise training have typically used training durations of 9 ± 12 months [13,24], and thus our training duration may have been insufficient for appreciable changes in body composition. However, our finding that FFA levels were unchanged while fasting insulin levels decreased after RT may indicate that RT improved the ability of insulin to suppress FFA, which has been shown following one month of exercise [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Resistance Training Improves Glycaemic Control in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Men

Baldi

Snowling²

2003

Int J Sports Med

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether moderate intensity resistance training (RT) improves glycaemic control in obese, type 2 diabetic men. Eighteen subjects were randomly assigned to a 10-week RT program, or a non-training control group (C). Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ), fasting glucose and insulin, glucose and insulin 120 minutes (2h) after a 75 g oral glucose load, body composition and muscular strength and endurance were measured before and after the 10-week experimental period. In the RT group fasting glucose and insulin decreased with training (p < 0.05) and decreases in HbA 1c approached significance (p = 0.057). 2-h glucose and insulin did not change in either group. Fat free mass (FFM) increased by 3.5 % after RT but was unchanged in the controls. Fat mass (FM) increased 6.9 % in C but was unchanged in RT. Percent body fat was unchanged in both groups. Muscular strength and endurance increased by 25 to 52 % in the RT group but was unchanged in controls. Changes in fasting glucose and HbA 1c were inversely related to changes in FFM. These results suggest that RT is an effective form of exercise training which modestly improves glycaemic control and lowers fasting insulin levels in obese type 2 diabetics.

show abstract

“…Despite the lower insulin levels, glucose tolerance remains normal or improves in the trained state (1, 9, 16). Furthermore, we have reported that glucose disposal is increased in trained subjects using the euglycemic clamp procedure, which maintains plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at constant physiological levels (19, 22,23). Looking at this evidence, physical training appears to…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Training and Training Cessation on Insulin Action

Oshida¹,

Yamanouchi²,

Hayamizu³

et al. 1991

Int J Sports Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physical training has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and insulin action. In the present study, insulin action was determined using the euglycemic clamp technique in six trained male athletes compared with six untrained controls matched by age, sex, and weight at 14, 38, and 86 hours and at 6 days after cessation of exercise. The rate of insulin-mediated glucose uptake (glucose disposal) was 9.40 +/- 0.46 mg.kg-1.min-1 (mean +/- SEM) for the athletes at 14 h after the last exercise bout, compared with 6.80 +/- 0.86 mg.kg-1.min-1 obtained for the untrained controls (p less than 0.01). Glucose disposal was gradually decreased to 7.78 +/- 0.87 mg.kg-1.min-1 at 38 h, 6.82 +/- 0.49 mg.kg-1.min-1 at 86 h and to 7.11 +/- 1.00 mg.kg-1.min-1 at 6 days after cessation of physical training. At 38 h, 86 h, and 6 days of detraining, glucose disposal exhibited by training athletes did not differ significantly from untrained controls. These results suggest that physical training increases insulin action, and that this effect could be reversed to the control levels within 38 h after detraining.

show abstract

Improved Insulin Sensitivity in Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism After Physical Training

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of improvement in aerobic power on resting insulin and glucose concentrations in children

Effects of improvement in aerobic power on resting insulin and glucose concentrations in children

Resistance Training Improves Glycaemic Control in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Men

Effects of Training and Training Cessation on Insulin Action

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About