Improved<i>Ziziphus mauritiana</i>germplasm for Sahelian smallholder farmers: First steps toward a domestication programme

Kalinganiré, Antoine; Weber, John C.; Coulibaly, Salimata

doi:10.1080/14728028.2012.715474

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Cytological analyses involving germplasms collected from various Sahel locations are necessary to determine whether other ploidy types are present in this region. The local Sahelian accessions are characterized by their small fruit size compared with the Asian improved cultivars (Kalinganire et al, 2012). Very little research has focused on Z. mauritiana in the Sahel region, and most improvement efforts are geared toward using the local Z. mauritiana as rootstock for the Asian cultivars, which are generally tetraploid (Asatryan and Tel-Zur, 2014;Nehra et al, 1983); however, these cultivars are often susceptible to several local pests and diseases (Kalinganire et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromosome analysis of the species revealed only an octoploid (2n = 8x = 96) cytotype. In recent years, domestication programs have created extensive Z. mauritiana germplasm collections in some Sahelian countries such as Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali, and Senegal for the purpose of domestication of the species (Kalinganire et al, 2012). However, these programs generally rely on using the local Z. mauritiana as rootstock for the improved imported cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Genome Size and Chromosome Number of a Ziziphus Species (Z. mauritiana Lam.) from Eastern Senegal

Sakhanokho

Islam‐Faridi

Smith

2022

horts

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Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. is a widespread shrub or tree of the Sahel region, where it grows wild and is used for various purposes, including nutrition, medicine, and firewood. Current domestication programs focus on using the local species as rootstock for the improved imported Asian cultivars to provide tolerance to pests and diseases. The plant plays an increasing economic role in the livelihoods of local Sahelian populations, but despite this there is little genetic information about it. The purpose of our study was to determine the genome size estimate and chromosome numbers of Z. mauritiana germplasm collected from eastern Senegal, West Africa. Genome size estimates were determined using flow cytometry, and chromosome count was achieved using chromosome spreads of actively growing root tips. The mean, median, minimum, and maximum genome size estimates (1Cx-DNA) of Z. mauritiana were 418.74 Mb, 417.45 Mb, 410.72 Mb, and 432.12 Mb, respectively. Plants of the germplasm investigated were found to be octoploid with a chromosome number of 2n = 8x = 96. The genetic information gathered in this study can be useful for phylogenetic studies, sequencing projects, and domestication programs that focus on controlled pollination for the development of improved Z. Mauritania cultivars in the Sahel region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Genome Size and Chromosome Number of a Ziziphus Species (Z. mauritiana Lam.) from Eastern Senegal

Sakhanokho

Islam‐Faridi

Smith

2022

horts

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“…Tree breeding and genetic studies in Z. mauritiana have been aimed at improving both productivity and drought adaptation in the Sahel. This has focussed on combining the heavy-fruiting characteristics of Asian germplasm with the greater pest and drought tolerance of local germplasm [166].…”

Section: Genetic Variation and Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Food: Domestication and Commercialization of Indigenous Food Crops in Africa over the Third Decade (2012–2021)

Leakey¹,

Avana

Awazi

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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This paper follows the transition from ethnobotany to a deeper scientific understanding of the food and medicinal properties of African agroforestry tree products as inputs into the start of domestication activities. It progresses on to the integration of these indigenous trees as new crops within diversified farming systems for multiple social, economic and environmental benefits. From its advent in the 1990s, the domestication of indigenous food and non-food tree species has become a global programme with a strong African focus. This review of progress in the third decade is restricted to progress in Africa, where multi-disciplinary research on over 59 species has been reported in 759 research papers in 318 science publications by scientists from over 833 research teams in 70 countries around the world (532 in Africa). The review spans 23 research topics presenting the recent research literature for tree species of high priority across the continent, as well as that in each of the four main ecological regions: the humid zone of West and Central Africa; the Sahel and North Africa; the East African highlands and drylands; and the woody savannas of Southern Africa. The main areas of growth have been the nutritional/medicinal value of non-timber forest products; the evaluation of the state of natural resources and their importance to local people; and the characterization of useful traits. However, the testing of putative cultivars; the implementation of participatory principles; the protection of traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights; and the selection of elite trees and ideotypes remain under-researched. To the probable detriment of the upscaling and impact in tropical agriculture, there has been, at the international level, a move away from decentralized, community-based tree domestication towards a laboratory-based, centralized approach. However, the rapid uptake of research by university departments and national agricultural research centres in Africa indicates a recognition of the importance of the indigenous crops for both the livelihoods of rural communities and the revitalization and enhanced outputs from agriculture in Africa, especially in West Africa. Thus, on a continental scale, there has been an uptake of research with policy relevance for the integration of indigenous trees in agroecosystems and their importance for the attainment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. To progress this in the fourth decade, there will need to be a dedicated Centre in Africa to test and develop cultivars of indigenous crops. Finally, this review underpins a holistic approach to mitigating climate change, as well as other big global issues such as hunger, poverty and loss of wildlife habitat by reaping the benefits, or ‘profits’, from investment in the five forms of Capital, described as ‘land maxing’. However, policy and decision makers are not yet recognizing the potential for holistic and transformational adoption of these new indigenous food crop opportunities for African agriculture. Is ‘political will’ the missing sixth capital for sustainable development?

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“…We conducted additional research by consulting the following sources: (c) Mansfeld's World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops (http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de), (d) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa (PROTA) online database (http://www.prota.org), (e) selected books from Kole's volume Wild Crop Relatives: Genomics and Breeding Resources (2011) and (f) peer-reviewed articles and books (e.g. Morton 1987;Cooper et al, 1998;Kalinganire et al, 2012;Ayala-Silva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Selecting the Sadc Region's Priority Cwr Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

A crop wild relative inventory for Southern Africa: a first step in linking conservation and use of valuable wild populations for enhancing food security

Allen¹,

Gaisberger²,

Brehm

et al. 2019

Plant Genet. Resour.

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Successful conservation strategies require that taxa are prioritized because resources for planning and implementation are always limited. In this study, we created a partial checklist of crop wild relatives (CWR) that occur in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region and identified the taxa of highest priority for regional conservation planning based on their importance for food and economic security. We found that the region contains over 1900 wild relatives of species cultivated for food, beverages, ornamental, forage/fodder, forestry, medicinal, environmental and other uses. Prioritization of these species was based on two criteria: (i) the value of the related crop for human food and economic security in the region and/or globally, and (ii) the potential or known value of the wild relatives of those crops for crop improvement. The region contains 745 CWR species related to 64 human food and beverage crops that are of high socioeconomic importance and 100 of these are of immediate priority for conservation action. The results of this study show that the SADC region contains a wealth of CWR diversity that is not only of value for food and economic security within the region but also globally. Furthermore, this study represents the first step in developing a CWR conservation and sustainable use strategy for the region, where its implementation would contribute to food security and well-being.

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ImprovedZiziphus mauritianagermplasm for Sahelian smallholder farmers: First steps toward a domestication programme

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Determination of Genome Size and Chromosome Number of a Ziziphus Species (Z. mauritiana Lam.) from Eastern Senegal

Determination of Genome Size and Chromosome Number of a Ziziphus Species (Z. mauritiana Lam.) from Eastern Senegal

The Future of Food: Domestication and Commercialization of Indigenous Food Crops in Africa over the Third Decade (2012–2021)

A crop wild relative inventory for Southern Africa: a first step in linking conservation and use of valuable wild populations for enhancing food security

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