Improved ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem cells on solubilized acellular fetal membranes

Abstract

Coatings produced from extracellular matrixes (ECMs) have emerged as promising surfaces for the improved ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, identifying a readily available source of ECM to generate these coatings is currently the bottleneck of this technology. In this study, we assessed if ECM coatings derived from decellularized fetal membranes were a suitable substrate for MSC expansion. We separated and decellularized the two main components of the fetal membranes, the amnion and the chorion. Characterization of the decellularized membranes revealed that each membrane component has a distinct composition, implying that coatings produced from these materials would have unique biological properties. The membranes were processed further to produce solubilized forms of the decellularized amniotic membrane (s-dAM) and decellularized chorionic membrane (s-dCM). On s-dAM coatings decidual MSCs (DMSC) were more proliferative than those cultured on tissue culture plastic alone or on Matrigel coatings; were smaller in size (a measure of MSC potency); exhibited greater adipogenic differentiation capacity; and improved osteogenic capacity. Additionally, long term culture studies showed late passage DMSCs (passage 8) cultured on s-dAM showed a decrease in cell diameter over three passages. These data support the use of s-dAM as a substrate for improved MSC expansion.

Decellularized neonatal cardiac extracellular matrix prevents widespread ventricular remodeling in adult mammals after myocardial infarction

“…We proposed that the ECM at each stage of development provides biological cues to promote regeneration or fibrosis and hypothesized that ECM derived from neonatal mice can prevent widespread ventricular remodeling following injury in an adult model of MI. Previous studies, particularly those investigating mesenchymal stem cells, have consistently shown that young ECM is able stimulate expansion of adult cells and contribute to osteogenesis more effectively than adult ECM [48][49][50]. Placental ECM has also been proposed to assist in a number of medical applications [51,52].…”

Improvement of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Proliferation and Differentiation via Decellularized Extracellular Matrix on Substrates With a Range of Surface Chemistries

“…Human term placentae from uncomplicated pregnancies were used to isolate primary MSCs from the decidua basalis according to our previously published protocol ( 1 , 30 – 32 ). Written and informed patient consent and ethics approval from the Royal Women's Hospital Human Research and Ethics Committee was obtained (HREC #14/35).…”

Strategies to Improve the Quality and Freshness of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Diseases

“…This is because only 0.001-0.01% of cells in the bone marrow are mononuclear cells [134]. After the expansion process, hBM-MSCs are detached from the culture dish and subjected to a serum-starved condition, which is largely different than their original environment, such as the MSC niche, and cells lose their useful properties [135][136][137][138]. Previous reports evaluated the freshness of hBM-MSCs kept in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) over time after trypsinization, which can mimic ex vivo storage conditions [9,23].…”