Improved heart rate variability signal analysis from the beat occurrence times according to the IPFM model

Abstract

Abstract-The heart rate variability (HRV) is an extended tool to analyze the mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular system. In this paper, the integral pulse frequency modulation model (IPFM) is assumed. It generates the beat occurrence times from a modulating signal. This signal is thought to represent the autonomic nervous system action, mostly studied in its frequency components. Different spectral estimation methods try to infer the modulating signal characteristics from the available beat timing on the electrocardiogram signal. These methods estimate the spectrum through the heart period (HP) or the heart rate (HR) signal. We introduce a new time domain HRV signal, the Heart Timing (HT) signal. We demonstrate that this HT signal, in contrast with the HR or HP, makes it possible to recover an unbiased estimation of the modulating signal spectra. In this estimation we avoid the spurious components and the low-pass filtering effect generated when analyzing HR or HP.

Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Patients under Local Anesthesia

“…The AR model for the simulated study was chosen as its PSD approximately matches with the PSD for a normal subject at supine rest [6]. Twenty random realizations of ) (t m were made using this model.…”

“…Twenty random realizations of ) (t m were made using this model. To study the global behavior of the spectrum with frequency, Mean Normalized Error (MNE) defined in (4) was used [6]. …”

“…For the representation of the HRV signal, the Heart Timing (HT) signal [6] was used. In the absence of ectopic beats the HT signal can be written, using the Integral Pulse Frequency Modulation (IPFM) model, as.…”

Heart rate variability during plateau waves of intracranial pressure: A pilot descriptive study

“…A local correction of the QRS mark was performed by taking the maximum amplitude sample in a centred 10 samples neighbourhood and using the integral pulse frequency modulation model [20], after which all beats are considered to be normal (NN). The RR series obtained as time differences of the corrected marks are then detrended using the approach proposed by Tarvainen [21].…”

“…The RR series obtained as time differences of the corrected marks are then detrended using the approach proposed by Tarvainen [21]. Series were assumed to be sampled at the local mean heart rate, as this has been shown acceptable for spectral analysis for frequencies far from Nyquist frequency [20] HRV analysis was performed according to the guidelines [12] for each of the twenty segments per patient available. The following time domain measures were obtained: RR intervals standard deviation (SDNN), standard deviation of differences between adjacent RR intervals (SDSD) and the square root of the mean on the sum of the squares of the differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD).…”