Improved health and better survival of farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) after a probiotic bath with two probiotic strains of Aliivibrio

Klakegg, Øystein; Myhren, Siri; Juell, Rosemary Alice; Aase, Marit; Salonius, Kira; Sørum, Henning

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734810

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Composition 1 was made by co-culturing active cultures of VI1 and VI2, as previously described by Klakegg et al [47,48], resulting in ≈30% VI1 and 70% VI2. This was controlled by colony morphology on serially diluted cultures on blood agar plates.…”

Section: Isolation and Cultivation Of Probiotic Bacteria For Infectio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Infestation Levels of Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) following Immersion Exposure to Probiotic Aliivibrio spp.

Steen Dobloug,

Skagen-Sandvik,

Evensen

et al. 2023

Applied Microbiology

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Salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) constitute a major challenge during the production of farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. Preventive measures are considered to have a higher impact on sustainable control than lice treatment. Therefore, the studies presented here aimed to document the preventive effects of probiotic Aliivibrio spp. on lice infestation in experimental challenges. A reduction in salmon lice attachment success (58–65%) was observed in two separate aquarium trials, where Atlantic salmon were exposed to different compositions of Aliivibrio species 91 and 155 days prior to lice challenge. In a third trial, no difference in attachment was observed in groups exposed to probiotics 58 days prior to lice challenge compared to controls. However, a relative reduction in lice counts was seen on movable stages later in the trial. High levels of probiotic bacteria had no impact on lice viability in an in vitro bioassay on the preadult life stage; thus, the mechanism behind the preventative effect remains unknown. In conclusion, probiotic Aliivibrio bacteria can likely be used as a preventive tool to reduce salmon louse infestations in the salmon industry. The mechanism is still unknown, and this novel approach to lice control warrants further investigation to understand its optimal use and potential.

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Section: Isolation and Cultivation Of Probiotic Bacteria For Infectio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Aliivibrio spp. strains employed in this study are used in a microbial enhancement product administered by immersion in a saltwater bath as a means of maintaining skin health against bacterial ulcerative conditions [47,48]. Given the demonstrated positive impact of Aliivibrio spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Infestation Levels of Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) following Immersion Exposure to Probiotic Aliivibrio spp.

Steen Dobloug,

Skagen-Sandvik,

Evensen

et al. 2023

Applied Microbiology

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“…One of the key challenges in the use of this specific cleaner fish is the extraordinarily high mortality rate, an issue that has justifiably caught the attention of non-governmental organisations concerned with animal welfare (OneKind, 2018). According to one report, up to 100% of lumpfish die in the first few weeks after being introduced to the salmon cage (Klakegg et al, 2020). There are several reasons for this extraordinary high mortality rate including diseases, parasites and infection (Klakegg et al, 2020; Powell et al, 2018), and the difficulty they face in adapting to the cage environment and feed (Imsland et al, 2014b; Johannesen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Salmon – Lumpfish – Lice: Multispecies Hierarchies In the Sa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to one report, up to 100% of lumpfish die in the first few weeks after being introduced to the salmon cage (Klakegg et al, 2020). There are several reasons for this extraordinary high mortality rate including diseases, parasites and infection (Klakegg et al, 2020; Powell et al, 2018), and the difficulty they face in adapting to the cage environment and feed (Imsland et al, 2014b; Johannesen et al, 2018). These high mortality rates have prompted the aforementioned research on feeds that are suitable to lumpfish and on how to make the sea cages more habitable for lumpfish.…”

Section: Salmon – Lumpfish – Lice: Multispecies Hierarchies In the Sa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispecies hierarchies and capitalist value: Insights from salmon aquaculture

Power

Melvin

Mather

2021

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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Research in animal geographies is increasingly paying attention to hierarchies and inequalities within and between nonhuman animals. The way that animals are valued differently and hierarchically within this growing body of scholarship has tended to focus on a range of biopolitical differences between and within species. Collard and Dempsey’s recent contribution, in contrast, points to the importance of hierarchy and difference in the valuation of nonhuman animals under capitalism. Their framework identifies five orientations of human and nonhuman bodies in relation to capitalist value, which in turn provides a heuristic to explore how capitalist accumulation produces and depends on differentially oriented natures. Our contribution to these debates – and to the Collard and Dempsey framework – draws on our ongoing research in Eastern Canada where salmon aquaculture is a growing yet highly contested industry. We focus on two instances of multispecies hierarchy and difference in and around the salmon cage that are central to this form of ocean-based production. In focusing on multispecies relations, we build on Collard and Dempsey's framework in two main ways. First, we show how valuation and devaluation reflect competing but relational capitalist interests, which rely on and produce different natures refracted through the logic of the nature/culture divide: Atlantic salmon are valued as game fish, and as the key species for Canada's aquaculture sector. Second, we show how capital's valuation of one species, in our case farmed salmon, implicates the valuation of others, namely sea lice and lumpfish. Our case studies extend Collard and Dempsey's framework by demonstrating how capitalist differentiation produces violence through and outside of commodification in terms of multispecies difference and hierarchy; the lives and futures of wild and farmed salmon, lumpfish and sea lice are entangled, and reflect relational and changing orientations to capitalist value over time.

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“…High abundances of taxa such as Aliivibrio are suspected to be more predominant in sh expressing casts and faeces with a watery composition [13,22], though the connection to dysbiosis [26] is yet to be shown conclusively. Aliivibrio are of particular interest due to their potential to cause disease [27,28] but also as bene cial bacteria [29,30]. Signi cant knowledge of host interactions obtained for the model species Aliivibrio scheri provides a foundation for functional comparison of different Aliivibrio species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active colonisers of the gastrointestinal tract of Atlantic salmon farmed in a warm water region

Hall,

Reid,

Tan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farmed in seawater in Tasmania (lutruwita) can experience temper-atures close to their thermotolerance limit during summer and Vibrionaceae are a major component of their gut microbiome. This study focuses on understanding the microbiome of the Atlantic salmon gastrointestinal tract via the taxonomy, population dynamics, and traits of the main colonists. Results. Multiyear survey and co-occurrence network analyses confirmed novel members of Aliivibrio reliably colonise the gut microbiome in Atlantic salmon farmed in marine pens in Tasmania when the confounding influences of DNA and bacteria from feed and water was considered. Aliivibrio and Mycoplasma were the main taxa found to colonise the gut mucosal layers. Warm water temperature(19°C) experiments performed in seawater tanks indicated Aliivibrio and Vibrio rapidly become predominant in the digesta of Atlantic salmon that had reduced feeding and high faecal cast production while Mycoplasma were found to be mostly absent. Salmon-associated Aliivibrio isolates were found to share many genes required for host colonisation with that of the faunal mutualist Aliivibrio fischeri. Though most salmon digesta isolates seem to lack obvious virulence factors, strains of two abundant novel colonising Aliivibriostrain groups possessed the genes for cytolethal distending toxin (CDT). Conclusions. Multiyear surveys confirm Atlantic salmon farmed in the relatively warm conditions of Tasmania are persistently colonised by the same, largely novel, Aliivibrio species and a restricted range of other Vibrionaceae. Some of these species were found to be particularly adept at colonising salmon in warm water conditions. Though some Aliivibrio coloniser strains possessed CDT-genes it is yet unknown whether CDT-gene-positive Aliivibrio negatively impact Atlantic salmon . Since the strains studies possess a range of different colonization enabling mechanisms, interactions between Vibrionaceae in the gut of Atlantic salmon could be important for overall fish health, especially when they are exposed to stressful conditions, such as elevated sea surface temperatures.

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Improved health and better survival of farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) after a probiotic bath with two probiotic strains of Aliivibrio

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Reduced Infestation Levels of Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) following Immersion Exposure to Probiotic Aliivibrio spp.

Reduced Infestation Levels of Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) following Immersion Exposure to Probiotic Aliivibrio spp.

Multispecies hierarchies and capitalist value: Insights from salmon aquaculture

Active colonisers of the gastrointestinal tract of Atlantic salmon farmed in a warm water region

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