Improved Energy Storage Performance of P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) Multilayer Films by Utilizing Inorganic Functional Layers

Abstract

Polymer dielectric films are the preferred materials for capacitive energy storage. However, both the discharged energy density and efficiency of ferroelectric polymers dielectrics reduced due to the ferroelectric loss and conduction loss, and so it is urgent to develop effective ways to improve the capability. In this study, inorganic functional layers (INLs), such as SiO 2 and BaZrTiO 3 (BZT), are grown by magnetron sputtering technology, which act as the interlayer or top/bottom layer in the P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) (PVTC) ferroelectric films. The effects of INL thickness and growth sequence on the microstructure and electrical properties have been systematically investigated. The results show that the SiO 2 INL is favorable to improve the breakdown field strength, where BZT INL is beneficial to enhance the polarization of the composite films. The optimized energy storage density of 12.32 J/cm 3 and an efficiency of 64.87% are obtained in the SiO 2 -2h/PVTC/BZT-1h/PVTC/SiO 2 -2h multilayer composite films. The INL forms an interfacial barrier layer at the electrode−dielectric interface, while the development of breakdown path can be inhibited at the dielectric−dielectric interface, thus reducing the leakage current and energy loss. The introduction of inorganic functional layers enables the polymer dielectric films to have an improved energy storage density and efficiency.

Bio-based poly(hydroxy urethane)s for efficient organic high-power energy storage

“…Monitoring Ue versus E reveals that Ue is much lower in PHU6 than in fluorinated polymers at low fields (E < 300 MV•m -1 ), as expected from the differences in low-field dielectric permittivity. [6][7][8][9] However, when E reaches the vicinity of Eb, the quadratic dependence in E allows PHU6 to reach an impressive value of Ue > 6 J•cm -3 and thus to catch up with the state-of-theart fluorinated polymers. Due to the low volumetric mass density of PHU6, this corresponds to a specific energy of 2 Wh•kg -1 , which is comparable with the performances recorded in electrochemical capacitors, 17 but with a far greater power density of ~ 10 8 W•kg -1 , assuming a full discharge time, τ = 5RC, through a resistor R = 100 kΩ, with C the capacitance of the polymer-based device.…”

“…4,5 It has been reported to display high energy densities, with Ue = 5-10 J•cm -3 . [6][7][8][9] Unfortunately, non-linear dielectrics suffer from high polarization hysteresis, which induces significant dielectric losses and limits the efficiency of the discharged process, η, which can be defined as:…”

Strategies Involved in Enhancing the Capacitive Energy Storage Characteristics of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Based Flexible Composites

“… (a) Dielectric constant, (b) breakdown strength, (c) stored energy density and (d) storage efficiency of Polypropylene (PP), [18–22] Polyimide (PI), [23] Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP), [24,25] Polyethylene (PE), [26,27] Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), [26] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), [28,29] Polyethersulfone (PESU), [30] Polyetherimide (PEI), [31,32] Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), [33,34] Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐CTFE)), [35,36] Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP)), [37,38] Poly (vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE)) (PVTC), [39] Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/PVDF composite, [40] P(VDF‐HFP)/PMMA, [41] Poly (vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene – chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE))/P(VDF‐HFP), [42] P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE)/PVDF, [43] P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE)/PMMA, [44] P(VDF‐CTFE)/graft‐polystyrene (g‐PS), [45] PC/P(VDF‐HFP), [46] PC/PMMA/P(VDF‐HFP), [46] PC/styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN)/P(VDF‐HFP), [46] PC/poly(ethylene terephthalate‐co‐1,4‐cycohexanedimethylene terephthalate) (PETG)/P(VDF‐HFP), [46] Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/PMMA/P(VDF‐HFP), [47] P(VDF‐HFP)/Poly(isobutyl methacrylate) (PiBMA), [48] PI/PbTiO 3 , [49] Crosslinked divinyltetramethyldisiloxane‐bis(benzocyclobutene) (c‐BCB)/BN nanosheets, [50] PI/BaTiO 3 , [51] PEI/SrTiO 3 , [52] PVDF/Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 , [53] PVDF/dopamine modified (KNa)NbO 3 , [54] PVDF/mussel‐inspired poly‐ (dopamine) (PDA)‐modified BaSrTiO3 (mBST), [55] PVDF/BaTiO 3 @Al 2 O 3 , [56] PVDF/CoFe 2 O 4 @0.5Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )‐0.5(Ba 0.7 Ca 0.3 )TiO 3 (BZCT), [57] PVDF/polydopamine (PDA)‐SiO 2 @BT nanofibers, [58] PI/P(VDF‐CTFE)‐BT, [59] PVDF/BaTiO 3 @TiO 2 @Al 2 O 3 , [60] PVDF/BZCT@...…”

“…Figure 1. (a) Dielectric constant, (b) breakdown strength, (c) stored energy density and (d) storage efficiency of Polypropylene (PP),[18][19][20][21][22] Polyimide (PI),[23] Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP),[24,25] Polyethylene (PE),[26,27] Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC),[26] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE),[28,29] Polyethersulfone (PESU),[30] Polyetherimide (PEI),[31,32] Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF),[33,34] Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-CTFE)),[35,36] Poly(vinylidene fluoridehexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)),[37,38] Poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)) (PVTC),[39] Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/PVDF composite,[40] P(VDF-HFP)/PMMA,[41] Poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene -chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CFE))/P(VDF-HFP),[42] P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)/PVDF,[43] P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)/PMMA,[44] P(VDF-CTFE)/graft-polystyrene (g-PS),[45] PC/P(VDF-HFP),[46] PC/PMMA/P(VDF-HFP),[46] PC/styrene-co-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN)/P(VDF-HFP),[46] PC/poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-1,4-cycohexanedimethylene terephthalate) (PETG)/P(VDF-HFP),[46] Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/PMMA/P(VDF-HFP),[47] P(VDF-HFP)/Poly(isobutyl methacrylate) (PiBMA),[48] PI/PbTiO 3 ,[49] Crosslinked divinyltetramethyldisiloxanebis(benzocyclobutene) (c-BCB)/BN nanosheets,[50] PI/BaTiO 3 ,…”

Free volume dependence of the dielectric constant of poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposite films

“…The inorganic layer was also introduced to act as an insulating layer for improving dielectric properties and energy storage performances. [11][12][13] Despite conspicuous progress having been achieved, it is still challenging to use these dielectrics in practical applications due to some limitations.…”