Improved Egg Yolk Infusion for Cultivation of<i>Entamoeba Histolytica</i>and Other Intestinal Protozoa

Balamuth, William

doi:10.1093/ajcp/16.6.380

Cited by 74 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…As a result, collection of three specimens on consecutive days is recommended for the diagnosis of D. fragilis infection if permanently stained smears are used. dium (86), Balamuth's medium (87), and TYGM-9 (88). Dobell and Svensson were the first to grow "monoprotist" D. fragilis cultures in 1929, as all previous attempts had resulted in overgrowth with Blastocystis.…”

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYDientamoeba fragilisis a protozoan parasite of the human bowel, commonly reported throughout the world in association with gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite its initial discovery over 100 years ago, arguably, we know less about this peculiar organism than any other pathogenic or potentially pathogenic protozoan that infects humans. The details of its life cycle and mode of transmission are not completely known, and its potential as a human pathogen is debated within the scientific community. Recently, several major advances have been made with respect to this organism's life cycle and molecular biology. While many questions remain unanswered, these and other recent advances have given rise to some intriguing new leads, which will pave the way for future research. This review encompasses a large body of knowledge generated on various aspects ofD. fragilisover the last century, together with an update on the most recent developments. This includes an update on the latest diagnostic techniques and treatments, the clinical aspects of dientamoebiasis, the development of an animal model, the description of aD. fragiliscyst stage, and the sequencing of the firstD. fragilistranscriptome.

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Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

et al. 2016

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“…From birds found infected with Trichomonas gallinarum, subinoculations were made rectally into chicks or poults and also into Balamuth (1946) or Kupferberg (1948) media. From birds found infected with Trichomonas gallinarum, subinoculations were made rectally into chicks or poults and also into Balamuth (1946) or Kupferberg (1948) media.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity Studies on Trichomonas gallinarum in Domestic Poultry

Kemp

Reid

1965

Poultry Science

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“…The egg yolk infusion medium of Balamuth's medium (Balamuth, 1946) was replaced with infusion of a liver concentrate with 4 % preheat-treated adult bovine serum (56°C for three hours). At least one day prior to E. muris culture, 0.1 ml of E. coli maintained in the R suspension was added from the stock culture preserved at 4°C (used within one month); however, 0.2 ml of a 1-to 3-day culture of B. fragilis maintained in TYI broth was added to the abovementioned culture at the time of E. muris primary culture.…”

Section: Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis strains were isolated from the stool of a primate [DeBrazza's guenon (Cercopithecus neglectus)] and fresh human stool samples from a patient with intestinal amoebic colitis, respectively. The E. coli strains were maintained in a chemically defined medium (R medium) (Robinson, 1968), and the B. fragilis strains were maintained on trypticase, yeast extract and iron (TYI) broth (Diamond et al, 1978); these strains were used as supplements for the culture system of E. muris.Article available at http://www.parasite-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2009162135The egg yolk infusion medium of Balamuth's medium (Balamuth, 1946) was replaced with infusion of a liver concentrate with 4 % preheat-treated adult bovine serum (56°C for three hours). At least one day prior to E. muris culture, 0.1 ml of E. coli maintained in the R suspension was added from the stock culture preserved at 4°C (used within one month); however, 0.2 ml of a 1-to 3-day culture of B. fragilis maintained in TYI broth was added to the abovementioned culture at the time of E. muris primary culture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a continuous culture system forEntamoeba murisand analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene

2009

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Summary :We established a culture system for Entamoeba muris (MG-EM-01 strain isolated from a Mongolian gerbil) using a modified Balamuth's egg yolk infusion medium supplemented with 4 % adult bovine serum and Bacteroides fragilis cocultured with Escherichia coli. Further, encystation was observed in the culture medium. The morphological characteristics of E. muris are similar to those of Entamoeba coli (E. coli); moreover, the malic isoenzyme electrophoretic band, which shows species-specific electrophoretic mobility, of E. muris had almost the same mobility as that observed with the malic isoenzyme electrophorectic band of E. coli (UZG-EC-01 strain isolated from a gorilla). We determined the small subunit rRNA (SSU-rRNA) gene sequence of the MG-EM-01 strain, and this sequence was observed to show 82.7 % homology with that of the UZG-EC-01 strain. Further, the resultant phylogenetic tree for molecular taxonomy based on the SSU-rRNA genes of the 21 strains of the intestinal parasitic amoeba species indicated that the MG-EM-01 strain was most closely related to E. coli. E ntamoeba muris is a highly contagious intestinal protozoan parasite of laboratory mice, rats and other rodents; this species is morphologically similar to Entamoeba coli (E. coli) (Neal, 1950) and primarily proliferates and encysts in the caecum of mice (Lin, 1971). In vitro culture of E. muris has been attempted (Neal, 1950;Simitch & Petrovitch, 1951;Smith et al., 1985); however, trials to achieve successive culture have not been successful. In the present study, we established a system for the stable and successive culture of an E. muris strain. Further, we attempted phylogenetic analysis of this strain to help in investigating its molecular taxonomy. Résumé MATERIALS AND METHODS E.muris (strain MG-EM-01) isolated from a Mongolian gerbil spontaneously infected in our laboratory was used to establish the culture system. An E. coli strain (UZG-EC-01) isolated from a gorilla in a zoo in Tokyo, Japan, was used as a reference. Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis strains were isolated from the stool of a primate [DeBrazza's guenon (Cercopithecus neglectus)] and fresh human stool samples from a patient with intestinal amoebic colitis, respectively. The E. coli strains were maintained in a chemically defined medium (R medium) (Robinson, 1968), and the B. fragilis strains were maintained on trypticase, yeast extract and iron (TYI) broth (Diamond et al., 1978); these strains were used as supplements for the culture system of E. muris.Article available at http://www.parasite-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2009162135The egg yolk infusion medium of Balamuth's medium (Balamuth, 1946) was replaced with infusion of a liver concentrate with 4 % preheat-treated adult bovine serum (56°C for three hours). At least one day prior to E. muris culture, 0.1 ml of E. coli maintained in the R suspension was added from the stock culture preserved at 4°C (used within one month); however, 0.2 ml of a 1-to 3-day culture of B. fragilis maintained in ...

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Improved Egg Yolk Infusion for Cultivation ofEntamoeba Histolyticaand Other Intestinal Protozoa

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

Pathogenicity Studies on Trichomonas gallinarum in Domestic Poultry

Establishment of a continuous culture system forEntamoeba murisand analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene

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