Improved Efficiency of P Fertilization with Bio and Organic additives on Growth, Seed Quality and Soybean Yield

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted at Experimental Farm of Tag El-Ezz, Agricultural Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 to study the improving efficiency of different P mineral sources with bio, and organic additives as combined treatments on growth performance, quantitative and qualitative productivity of soybean plants (Glycine max L., cv. Giza 111). A split-plot design with three replicates was used, representing three sources of P fertilizers (control, Ordinary superphosphate OSP, and Mono ammonium phosphate MAP as the main plots, six bio and organic treatments (control, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi AM, vermicompost V, potassium humate KH, AM+V, and AM+KH as the subplots. The results were collected briefly as follows: MAP gave the highest values of vegetative growth, yield, its components, and seed quality compared to (OSP) or control. AM+KH had the best-aforementioned adjectives compared to other bio and organic additives, where the plants fertilized with AM+V came in the second-order followed by KH then V, and lately AM alone. The combination of MAP and AM+KH was the superior treatment effect on all studied traits compared to the other treatments, the highest P use efficiencies values and (benefit: cost) ratio were achieved from this reaction. The available N, P, K and pH value of soil after the harvest of soybean were improved significantly due to the integration of inorganic fertilizers with bio and organic fertilizers.