Improved detection of hepatitis c virus antibodies in high-risk populations

McHutchison, John G.; Person, John L.; Govindarajan, Sugantha; Valinluck, Boontar; Gore, Tessie; Lee, Steven R.; Nelles, Mitchell J.; Polito, A.; Chien, David; DiNello, Robert K.; Quan, Stella; Kuo, George; Redeker, Allan G.

doi:10.1002/hep.1840150105

Cited by 139 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…C33c and C22-3 blots in RIBA-2 are reported to be more sensitive than C100-3 or 5-1-1 blot in identifying sera contaminated with HCV (26). Marvelously, antibodies to C33c and C22-3 were detected in all 155 sera with viremia in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Genotype dependence of hepatitis C virus antibodies detectable by the first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with C100-3 protein.

Nagayama

Tsuda²,

Okamoto³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) samples in 155 sera, from patients with chronic non-A, non-B liver disease and blood donors, were grouped into four genotypes (I, II, III, and IV) by amplification of core-gene sequences by polymerase chain reaction with typespecific primers. HCV genotypes were compared with various HCV-associated antibodies detectable by the first-generation ELISA (ELISA-1) with C100-3 protein and a second-generation immunoblot assay with four recombinant HCV proteins. Antibodies to C100-3 protein and those to its subsequence (5-1-1) were detected in 13 (93%) and 12 (86%), respectively, of 14 sera with genotype I HCV; 56 (79%) and 58 (82%) of 71 sera with genotype II; 13 (34%) and 6 (16%) of 38 sera with genotype III; and 11 (34%) and 4 (13%) of 32 sera with genotype IV. Amino acid sequences of C100-3 of genotype I HCV are conserved by -90% in genotype II, but only by -75% in genotypes III and IV. The sensitivity of ELISA-1, therefore, would be influenced by heterogeneity in C100-3 sequences of different genotypes. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993. 92:1529-1533

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Genotype dependence of hepatitis C virus antibodies detectable by the first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with C100-3 protein.

Nagayama

Tsuda²,

Okamoto³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Second generation EIA test for HCV antibody yields greater specificity and sensitivity. However, McHUTCHISON et al 15 found little improvement in specificity when testing a low-risk population, although a correlation between optical density values and the presence of HCV RNA was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average period for HCV seroconversion after blood transfusion has been shortened with each new generation: 7 to 8 weeks for EIA-3 compared with 10 weeks for EIA-2 and 16 weeks for EIA-1 8 . Incorporating these new antigens improved the sensitivity of the assay but the question of specificity remains open 6,8,15 . Thus, in EIA-positive cases, it is important to confirm these tests results using other assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus in Brazilian blood donors using a reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction: comparison with enzyme immunoassay and recombinant protein immunoblot assay

Gonçales

Costa

Vassallo

et al. 2000

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYScreening blood donations for anti-HCV antibodies and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels generally prevents the transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by transfusion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screening policy in identifying potentially infectious blood donors capable to transmit hepatitis C through blood transfusion. We have used a reverse transcriptase (RT)-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the presence of HCV-RNA in blood donors. The prevalence of HCV-RNA positive individuals was compared with the recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2) results in order to assess the usefulness of both tests as confirmatory assays. Both tests results were also compared with the EIA-2 OD/C ratio (optical densities of the samples divided by the cut off value). ALT results were expressed as the ALT quotient (qALT), calculated dividing the ALT value of the samples by the maximum normal value (53UI/l) for the method. Donors (n=178) were divided into five groups according to their EIA anti-HCV status and qALT: group A (EIA³3, ALT<1), group B (EIA³3, ALT>1), group C (1£EIA<3, ALT<1), group D (1£EIA<3, ALT>1) and group E (EIA£0.7). HCV sequences were detected by RT-nested PCR, using primers for the most conserved region of viral genome. RIBA-2 was applied to the same samples. In group A (n=6), all samples were positive by RT-nested PCR and RIBA-2. Among 124 samples in group B, 120 (96.8%) were RIBA-2 positive and 4 (3.2%) were RIBA-2 indeterminate but were seropositive for antigen c22.3. In group B, 109 (87.9%) of the RIBA-2 positive samples were also RTnested PCR positive, as well as were all RIBA-2 indeterminate samples. In group C, all samples (n=9) were RT-nested PCR negative: 4 (44.4%) were also RIBA-2 negative, 4 (44.4%) were RIBA-2 positive and 1 (11.1%) was RIBA-2 indeterminate. HCV-RNA was detected by RT-nested PCR in 3 (37.5%) out of 8 samples in group D. Only one of them was also RIBA-2 positive, all the others were RIBA-2 indeterminate. All of the group E samples (controls) were RT-nested PCR and RIBA-2 negative. Our study suggests a strong relation between anti-HCV EIA-2 ratio ³ 3 and detectable HCV-RNA by RT-nested PCR. We have also noted that blood donors with RIBA-2 indeterminate presented a high degree of detectable HCV-RNA using RT-nested PCR (75%), especially when the c22.3 band was detected.

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“…Other studies of anti-HCV EIA assays also noted that individuals with low-positive results were typically negative when tested by RIBA or HCV RNA (28,29 ). Package inserts from manufacturers indicate this fact but do not suggest reporting results along with S/C ratio or supplementary testing in individuals with lowpositive anti-HCV EIA results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Positive Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Enzyme Immunoassay Results: An Important Predictor of Low Likelihood of Hepatitis C Infection

Dufour

Talastas²,

Fernandez³

et al. 2003

Clinical Chemistry

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Improved detection of hepatitis c virus antibodies in high-risk populations

Cited by 139 publications

References 28 publications

Genotype dependence of hepatitis C virus antibodies detectable by the first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with C100-3 protein.

Genotype dependence of hepatitis C virus antibodies detectable by the first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with C100-3 protein.

Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus in Brazilian blood donors using a reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction: comparison with enzyme immunoassay and recombinant protein immunoblot assay

Low-Positive Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Enzyme Immunoassay Results: An Important Predictor of Low Likelihood of Hepatitis C Infection

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