2020
DOI: 10.3390/s20072020
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Improved Depth-of-Field Photoacoustic Microscopy with a Multifocal Point Transducer for Biomedical Imaging

Abstract: In this study, a photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) system based on a multifocal point (MFP) transducer was fabricated to produce a large depth-of-field tissue image. The customized MFP transducer has seven focal points, distributed along with the transducer’s axis, fabricated by separate spherically-focused surfaces. These surfaces generate distinct focal zones that are overlapped to extend the depth-of-field. This design allows extending the focal zone of 10 mm for the 11 MHz MFP transducer, which is a great imp… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(7 citation statements)
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References 33 publications
(44 reference statements)
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“…Maximum visualization depth is limited by transducer's frequency, gain, TGC (Time Gain Compensation), focus depth, display format (number of scan lines), output power, and noise of the electronic system. Depth of penetration analysis is performed by scanning the phantom and freezing (choosing) the image, making measurement, and recording visualization of maximum depth of default echo, distance from scanning window to the deepest cylinder or the round object that is barely visible [9,10].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Maximum visualization depth is limited by transducer's frequency, gain, TGC (Time Gain Compensation), focus depth, display format (number of scan lines), output power, and noise of the electronic system. Depth of penetration analysis is performed by scanning the phantom and freezing (choosing) the image, making measurement, and recording visualization of maximum depth of default echo, distance from scanning window to the deepest cylinder or the round object that is barely visible [9,10].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 mm depth without compromising resolution. 24 With standard objectives, 2PLSM is restricted only to imaging near-surface areas (up to 1 mm depth) due to the relatively inefficient collection of emission light. It is therefore necessary to design and produce implantable probes that reliably extend the range of imaging techniques while causing minimal damage to the surrounding tissue.…”
Section: ■ Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Photoacoustic microscopy is limited to approx. 3 mm depth without compromising resolution . With standard objectives, 2PLSM is restricted only to imaging near-surface areas (up to 1 mm depth) due to the relatively inefficient collection of emission light.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ultrasonic transducers are important, well-known devices related to image acquisition in biomedical applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], corrosion inspection, and defecting surface breaking cracks in industry [ 4 , 5 ]. These devices are made from several piezoelectric materials, depending on their applications.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%