Improved corrosion resistance of tool steel H13 by means of cadmium ion implantation and deposition

Crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have been grown on Si substrates by means of Plasma Based Ion Implantation and Deposition (PIII&D) at temperature of about 300 0 C and in the presence of an argon glow discharge. In the process a crucible filled with small pieces of metallic zinc plays the role of the anode of the discharge itself, being polarized by positive DC voltage of about 400V. Electrons produced by thermionic emission by an oxide cathode (Ba, Sr, Ca)O impact this crucible, causing its heating and vaporization of Zn. Partial ionization of Zn atoms takes place due to collisions with plasma particles. High negative voltage pulses (7 kv/40μs/250Hz) applied to the sample holder cause the implantation of metallic zinc into Si surface, while Zn deposition happens between pulses. After annealing at 700 0 C, strong UV and various visible photoluminescence bands are observed at room temperature, as well as the presence of ZnO nanoparticles. The coated surface was characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD indicated the presence of only ZnO peaks after annealing. The composition analysis by EDS revealed distinct Zn/O stoichiometry relation depending on the conditions of the process. AFM images showed the formation of columns in the nanoscale range. Topography viewed by SEM showed the formation of structures similar to cactus with nanothorns. Depth analysis performed by XPS indicated an increase of concentration of metallic Zn with increasing depth and the exclusive presence of ZnO for outer regions. PIII&D allowed to growing nanostructures of ZnO on Si without the need of a buffer layer.

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“…The process of PIII&D was performed in VAST [25,26], acronym for Vaporization of Solid Targets. In this system, showed in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of ZnO nanostructures on Si by means of plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition

Oliveira

Vieira

Ueda

et al. 2013

Vacuum

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“…Over time, corrosion protection coatings have been developed with constituents such as hexavalent chromium [4], tributyltin [5], cadmium [6], cobalt [7] and copper [8] and used in different marine devices and maritime transports. However, these compounds have been recently classified as toxic for the marine eco-system and carcinogenic to humans [3,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modified Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles on the Emulsion Stability, Viscosity and Electrochemical Behavior of Nanostructured Acrylic Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of AISI 304 Stainless Steel

et al. 2020

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In this study, the effect of pure and modified hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheet incorporation on the stability, viscosity, and electrochemical behavior of a waterborne emulsion acrylic coating was studied. The functionalization of h-BN nanoplatelets with polyacrylic acid (PAA) plasma polymerization was performed, and the successful surface modification was determined through water dispersion testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and also by transmission electronic microscopy. Later, the stability and viscosity properties of emulsion nanostructured acrylic coatings, which were previously prepared by an ultrasound-assisted mixing system, were analyzed using zeta potential and rheometry testing, respectively. The electrochemical behavior was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results prove an effective deposition of PAA films on the h-BN surfaces, which enhanced the stability and viscosity acrylic of nanostructured coatings due to the interactions between the h-BN nanoplatelets surface and emulsion acrylic paint and also with the thickener additives. On the other hand, the electrochemical analysis demonstrated a significant increase (two orders of magnitude) in corrosion resistance in the acrylic nanostructured coatings with 1 wt.% of unmodified and modified h-BN nanoplatelets concerning pure acrylic paint due to a barrier protection mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the surface modification of h-BN by plasma polymerization (green technology) helped to solve the low dispersibility issue of BN nanosheet surfaces in a waterborne polymer matrix to obtained green nanostructured acrylic coatings with the right balance in in-can properties and corrosion inhibition of AISI 304 stainless steel.

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“…H13 tool steel has been widely applied for several machine parts. In order to achieve sufficient hardness and wear resistance, some surface modification methods must be done [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. One candidate process is plasma nitriding which is employed to produce nitrided layer on the top surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cr Plating and Plasma Nitriding on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of H13 Steel

Tanakorn

Boonyongmaneerat

Visuttipitukul

2014

AMR

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H13 steel has been widely used in several metal working industries. Plasma nitriding is employed for improving surface hardness, but it significantly decreases corrosion resistance of H13 steel. To improve corrosion resistance, Cr plating before and after plasma nitriding is studied in the research. Surface characterization, phase analysis, hardness and corrosion test were done to evaluate the appropriate method to improve corrosion resistance. It was found that Cr plating after plasma nitriding can improve the corrosion resistance close to as-heat treated sample. The formation of Cr can increase the corrosion potential to-310.66 mV(Ag-AgCl) comparing to-349.54 mV(Ag-AgCl) of as-heat treated sample. For the corrosion resistance at constant applied voltage tested by potentiostatic technique, the sample with plasma nitriding prior to Cr plating shows the lowest corrosion current which implies the lowest corrosion rate. For the process in which Cr plating is applied before plasma nitriding, CrN layer can be formed on the surface, but this layer is very thin (about 100 nm thick). This thin layer retards nitrogen diffusion; hence, nitrided layer beneath CrN layer cannot be formed. With only thin layer of CrN, both corrosion resistance and micro-scale surface hardness cannot be improved.

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Improved corrosion resistance of tool steel H13 by means of cadmium ion implantation and deposition

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Growth of ZnO nanostructures on Si by means of plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition

Growth of ZnO nanostructures on Si by means of plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition

Effect of Modified Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles on the Emulsion Stability, Viscosity and Electrochemical Behavior of Nanostructured Acrylic Coatings for the Corrosion Protection of AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Effect of Cr Plating and Plasma Nitriding on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of H13 Steel

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