Improved Combustion Processes in Medical Wastes Incinerators for Rural Applications

Ketlogetswe, Clever; Oladiran, M. Tunde; Foster, John F.

doi:10.4314/ajst.v5i1.15320

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In recent years the world has experienced a dramatic increase in the amount of hazardous waste generated, which was accompanied with vigorous drive for sustainable development and increased awareness and concern for the environment [ 5 ]. The developing world has had to grapple with managing this type of waste against the backdrop of competing priorities such as the HIV/AIDS pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Risks from Mismanagement of Healthcare Wastes in Shinyanga Municipality Health Facilities, Tanzania

Kuchibanda

Mayo

2015

The Scientific World Journal

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The increase of healthcare facilities in Shinyanga municipality has resulted in an increase of healthcare wastes, which poses serious threats to the environment, health workers, and the general public. This research was conducted to investigate management practices of healthcare wastes in Shinyanga municipality with a view of assessing health risks to health workers and the general public. The study, which was carried out in three hospitals, involved the use of questionnaires, in-depth interview, and observation checklist. The results revealed that healthcare wastes are not quantified or segregated in all the three hospitals. Healthcare wastes at the Shinyanga Regional Referral Hospital are disposed of by on-site incineration and burning and some wastes are disposed off-site. At Kolandoto DDH only on-site burning and land disposal are practiced, while at Kambarage UHC healthcare solid wastes are incinerated, disposed of on land disposal, and burned. Waste management workers do not have formal training in waste management techniques and the hospital administrations pay very little attention to appropriate management of healthcare wastes. In light of this, it is evident that management of healthcare solid wastes is not practiced in accordance with the national and WHO's recommended standards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Risks from Mismanagement of Healthcare Wastes in Shinyanga Municipality Health Facilities, Tanzania

Kuchibanda

Mayo

2015

The Scientific World Journal

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“…Incineration techniques have only been adopted for the hazardous waste such as medical waste produced from the different healthcare facilities in Botswana (Ketlogetswe et al, 2004). However, in most cases, the treatment of medical waste is not carried out through proper incineration systems (particularly in public healthcare facilities in rural and/or remote areas); instead it is burned at low temperatures and also in poorly maintained and monitored incinerators (Mbongwe et al, 2008).…”

Section: Treatment Recycling and Disposal Of Htw In Botswanamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of Botswana, it is still not known whether incineration is in line with the best environmental standards and best operational and international practices. In addition, there are no commercial or centralized incinerators to handle biomedical wastes (Ketlogetswe et al, 2004).…”

Section: Treatment Recycling and Disposal Of Htw In Botswanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous and toxic waste management in Botswana: Practices and challenges

Mmereki

Liu

2014

Waste Manag Res

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Hazardous and toxic waste is a complex waste category because of its inherent chemical and physical characteristics. It demands for environmentally sound technologies and know-how as well as clean technologies that simultaneously manage and dispose it in an environmentally friendly way. Nevertheless, Botswana lacks a system covering all the critical steps from importation to final disposal or processing of hazardous and toxic waste owing to limited follow-up of the sources and types of hazardous and toxic waste, lack of modern and specialised treatment/disposal facilities, technical know-how, technically skilled manpower, funds and capabilities of local institutions to take lead in waste management. Therefore, because of a lack of an integrated system, there are challenges such as lack of cooperation among all the stakeholders about the safe management of hazardous and toxic waste. Furthermore, Botswana does not have a systematic regulatory framework regarding monitoring and hazardous and toxic waste management. In addition to the absence of a systematic regulatory framework, inadequate public awareness and dissemination of information about hazardous and toxic waste management, slower progress to phase-out persistent and bio-accumulative waste, and lack of reliable and accurate information on hazardous and toxic waste generation, sources and composition have caused critical challenges to effective hazardous and toxic waste management. It is, therefore, important to examine the status of hazardous and toxic waste as a waste stream in Botswana. By default; this mini-review article presents an overview of the current status of hazardous and toxic waste management and introduces the main challenges in hazardous and toxic waste management. Moreover, the article proposes the best applicable strategies to achieve effective hazardous and toxic waste management in the future.

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“…In the present time, waste management has been a serious issue at the national, regional as well as international levels. 1 The volume and types of solid and hazardous waste as a result of continuous economic growth and urbanization is experiencing a rapid increase all over the world. 2 It is estimated that in 2006 the total amount of refuse generated globally reached 2.02 billion tones, representing a (7.0%) annual increase since 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These waste materials end up in open dumps or buried at both approved and unapproved sites which result in the release of a cocktail of toxic chemicals into the aquifer and/or leached by storm runoff into surface water bodies used for domestic purposes. 1 A study estimated that an average Nigerian generates about 0.49 kg of solid waste in a day with households and commercial centers contributing almost 90.0% of the total urban waste burden. 4 As in most developing countries; a greater percentage of solid waste is composed of organic matter, but recently there has been an increase in the number of plastic wastes generated in Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes and practice of solid waste disposal among residents of a selected community in Kano State, Nigeria

Musa

Abdullahi

Umar³

et al. 2021

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice of solid waste disposal among residents of the Husuren-Kwari community in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: A non-experimental descriptive survey research design was adopted and data were obtained from June to October 2019. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 45 households as the samples. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences software.Results: In this study, more than half (53.3%) of the respondents were ≥36 years and 80.0% of them were males. About 42.2% of the respondents had a secondary level of education and 44.4% of the respondents were farmers. Close nine-tenths (88.9%) of the respondents agreed that proper waste disposal is any means that we can get rid of unwanted materials and 84.4% know the local method of disposing of waste. Only 24.4% of the respondents were aware of the modern methods of solid waste disposal. Little above half (51.1%) of the respondents were using the burning method to dispose of the waste, and close to half (46.7%) of the respondents were dumping the waste in front of the house.Conclusions: The finding reported a poor level of knowledge, negative attitude, and poor level of practice regarding waste disposal among the people of this community. The government and non-governmental organizations should organize a massive campaign on the importance of proper waste disposal and to create awareness on proper waste disposal practices.

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Improved Combustion Processes in Medical Wastes Incinerators for Rural Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Public Health Risks from Mismanagement of Healthcare Wastes in Shinyanga Municipality Health Facilities, Tanzania

Public Health Risks from Mismanagement of Healthcare Wastes in Shinyanga Municipality Health Facilities, Tanzania

Hazardous and toxic waste management in Botswana: Practices and challenges

Knowledge, attitudes and practice of solid waste disposal among residents of a selected community in Kano State, Nigeria

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