Improved Clutter Removal by Robust Principal Component Analysis for Chaos Through-Wall Imaging Radar

Liu, Li; Chen, Qianqian; Han, Yinping; Xu, Hang; Li, Jingxia; Wang, Bingjie

doi:10.3390/electronics9010025

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In order to quantify the amount of energy around the target, the target-to-clutter ratio (TCR) is computed as follows [41]: where ρ is the reflectivity, At is the area enclosing the targets and Ac is the area outside the targets, and Nt and Nc are the number of pixels of At and Ac, respectively.…”

Section: Results and Discusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Based on Compact mmWave Radar and Natural Body Movement for Assisting Visually Impaired People

et al. 2021

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The aim of this paper is to show how compact mmWave radar systems, attached to a person, can take advantage of their movements, in order to significantly improve the image resolution by means of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques. Thus, high resolution imaging becomes possible even with tiny on-chip systems, opening up a horizon of possibilities to assist visually impaired people. The approach is illustrated for movements in terms of arm swings. For this purpose, it is firstly shown that the information from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) can be used to provide a trajectory estimation, which is enough to apply synthetic aperture radar processing. As a consequence, the resolution of the radar is greatly improved when compared with that achieved considering a single position. In order to avoid the continuously growing position error, commonly observed in dead-reckoning systems relying just on IMU, zero velocity updates (ZUPT) will be systematically applied. For doing so, two different zero velocity detectors (ZVD) are considered, one based on acceleration data and other on velocity estimation. Although the positioning information is extracted from the IMU, demonstrating the enhanced obstacle detection capabilities obtained with this approach, other sensors that can be carried by a person and that are capable of providing trajectory estimations to combine measurements acquired with compact mmWave radars could have been used. The system is tested using different targets and a good performance comparable to the one achieved by using a high accuracy reference positioning system is attained. The compactness of the system enables the possibility of using it as a wearable device, e.g., attached to the wrist. This shows that an IMU is enough for tracking relatively simple movements, though more complex positioning systems can be used for more general actions.INDEX TERMS Freehand imaging, visually impaired, inertial measurement unit, mmWave radar, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), wrist mounted imager, zero velocity detectors (ZVD).

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Section: Results and Discusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Based on Compact mmWave Radar and Natural Body Movement for Assisting Visually Impaired People

et al. 2021

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“…Entropy-based time gating [10] 19.3326 Average trace subtraction [3] 26.0593 Entropy-based LRA [14] 37.6390 Differential SAR [9] 3.3156 Robust PCA [8] 33.4671 SVD with AIC [6] 9.9430 Proposed method 130.1 PCA = Principal Component Analysis, AIC = Akaike Information Criterion. V. CONCLUSION…”

Section: Methods Tcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the several challenges is reducing the clutter present in the images produced by these systems to enhance their quality. Methods for reducing clutter in through-the-wall images include background subtraction, spatial filtering, image fusion, subspace projection, differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and entropy-based time gating [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. These techniques have limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delay-and-sum beamformed images of Scene 1 (a) without clutter reduction and with clutter reduction as described in (b) Solimeme and Cuccaro[10], (c) Yoon and Amin[3], (d) Bivalkar et al[14], (e) Dehmollaian et al[9], (f) Liu et al[8], and (g) Tivive et al[6], and (h) using the method proposed in this study. The values shown in the color represent the magnitude of the pixel values.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Novel Technique for Contrast Target Detection in Through-the-Wall Radar Images

Singh

Dwivedi

Jain

2022

J Electromagn Eng Sci

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Through-the-wall radar images suffer from strong clutter due to the presence of dielectric walls and environmental noise. Several approaches have been explored to reduce clutter for detecting targets with similar dielectric constants. However, in real-time scenarios, targets may not have similar dielectric constants. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technique for detecting contrast targets—that is, targets with different dielectric constants behind a wall in the same scene. This paper proposes a novel technique that combines time gating and Gaussian mixture model based low-rank approximation to detect contrast targets present in the same scene. The proposed method was compared to existing clutter reduction techniques in terms of target-to-clutter ratio (TCR). The experimental results showed that the proposed approach yielded highest TCR (130.1).

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“…Another advantage of using the Canny edge detector is that APEX becomes less susceptible to noise, which is especially important in the context of GPR and through-the-wall applications, as evidenced by the significant efforts being made by various research teams to reduce clutter levels in surface penetration radar data [61][62][63].…”

Section: Hyperbola Apex Apex Coordinatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Introduction of Canny Operator in an Advanced Imaging Algorithm for Real-Time Detection of Hyperbolas in Ground-Penetrating Radar Data

et al. 2020

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This paper focuses on the use of the Canny edge detector as the first step of an advanced imaging algorithm for automated detection of hyperbolic reflections in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data. Since the imaging algorithm aims to work in real time; particular attention is paid to its computational efficiency. Various alternative criteria are designed and examined, to fasten the procedure by eliminating unnecessary edge pixels from Canny-processed data, before such data go through the subsequent steps of the detection algorithm. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methodology are tested on a wide set of synthetic and experimental radargrams with promising results. The finite-difference time-domain simulator gprMax is used to generate synthetic radargrams for the tests, while the real radargrams come from GPR surveys carried out by the authors in urban areas. The imaging algorithm is implemented in MATLAB.

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Improved Clutter Removal by Robust Principal Component Analysis for Chaos Through-Wall Imaging Radar

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

System Based on Compact mmWave Radar and Natural Body Movement for Assisting Visually Impaired People

System Based on Compact mmWave Radar and Natural Body Movement for Assisting Visually Impaired People

A Novel Technique for Contrast Target Detection in Through-the-Wall Radar Images

On the Introduction of Canny Operator in an Advanced Imaging Algorithm for Real-Time Detection of Hyperbolas in Ground-Penetrating Radar Data

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