Improved bulk density of bamboo pellets as biomass for energy production

The waste of sengon (Falcataria moluccana) industry becomes one of the raw materials in the manufactured of wood pellets, because of its potency. However F. moluccana pellets posses low density and calorific value. To improve its properties, a materials mixing with coconut shell parcticles was conducted. This study used material from the waste of sengon (F. moluccana) sawdust and the waste of coconut (Cocos nucifera). Particles from those materials were made on 3 sizes which are 20-40 mesh, 40-60 mesh, and 60-80 mesh. 25%, 50%, and 75% of coconut shell were added into sengon sawdust, while woode pellets with no additions were used as a control. Pellets are made using single-pelletizer at room temperature with a pressure of 100 kg/cm 2 . The research results showed if the different material combination (sengon and coconut shell) gave significant effect to physical properties and chemical content of wood pellets. Higher percentage of coconut shell gives higher compressive strength, fixed carbon content, total of carbon, and calorific value, while volatile matter, ash content, N, S, and H content showed lower value. The best pellet was resulted from combination between coconut shell addition 50% and nesh size 60 -80 which posses quite low ash content (0.79%) and high calorific value (5129.07 Kal/g), and high compression strength (444.75 N). This result has qualified the standard of SNI 8021:2014. INTISARILimbah industri kayu sengon menjadi salah satu bahan baku dalam pembuatan pelet kayu karena potensinya yang cukup besar. Akan tetapi pelet kayu sengon memiliki kerapatan serta nilai kalor yang rendah. Untuk meningkatkan sifat bahan bakar pelet kayu Sengon maka dilakukan pencampuran bahan dengan serbuk tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan dari limbah serbuk gergaji sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)) dan limbah tempurung kelapa (Cocos nucifera). Masing-masing bahan dibuat partikel pada 3 kelompok ukuran yaitu 20-40 mesh, 40-60 mesh, dan 60-80 mesh. Ke dalam serbuk kayu sengon ditambahkan serbuk tempurung kelapa dengan penambahan 25%, 50%, dan 75%, sedangkan untuk kontrol (0%) adalah pelet kayu sengon tanpa penambahan tempurung kelapa. Pelet dibuat dengan menggunakan single-pelletizer pada suhu ruang dengan tekanan HASIL PENELITIAN Riwayat Naskah :Naskah masuk (

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“…Pencampuran berbagai jenis bahan biomasa merupakan cara yang efektif untuk meningkatkan sifat pelet kayu (Liu et al 2016…”

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Pengaruh Ukuran Serbuk dan Penambahan Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Kualitas Pelet Kayu Sengon

Hasna

Sutapa

Irawati

2019

Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan

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“…The bulk density is another important factor of pellet quality, since higher bulk densities of sawdust lead to better transport efficiency, smaller storage spaces, and a higher density of the pellets produced [69,70].…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bioenergetic Potential of Four Oak Species from Northeastern Mexico

Núñez-Retana

Wehenkel

Vega-Nieva

et al. 2019

Forests

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Lack of knowledge regarding the fuel quality of diverse tree species prevents their use. Furthermore, the potential use of wood with the bark of different tree species for pellet production is still relatively unexplored in the scientific literature. In Mexico, the sawdust of Quercus genus (oak) is underutilized, despite it being an important forest resource, due to some anatomical and technological characteristics. The sawdust of Quercus with bark is also considered to have a low economic value. The objective of this study was to analyze the energy characteristics of barked and debarked Quercus sideroxyla, Q. rugosa, Q. laeta, and Q. conzattii in order to evaluate their potential for pellet production. Granulometric distribution, bulk density, proximal analysis, and calorific value tests were carried out. The sawdust of the four tree species studied was in accordance with the limits established by the standard EN 14961-2. Sawdust with a particle size of 0.425 mm had the highest percentage of retained mass (30.33%) (p < 0.05) in the granulometry test. There were no statistical differences in granulometry (p > 0.05) between barked and debarked sawdust for all Quercus species. Barked sawdust presented higher bulk density (p < 0.05) than debarked sawdust (246 and 224 kg/m3, respectively). The moisture content did not show statistical differences (p > 0.05) between barked and debarked sawdust. The volatile material was higher (p < 0.05) in debarked sawdust (88.7%) than in barked sawdust (85.0%). The ash content was below 0.5%. The fixed carbon was higher (p < 0.05) in barked sawdust (14.6%). The calorific value was higher (p < 0.05) in barked sawdust and for the Q. rugosa species (19.5 MJ/kg). The results suggest that the oak species analyzed, both barked and debarked, showed good potential for pellet production. Future studies should quantify fuel quality for a variety of diameter distributions, and analyze pellet mechanical properties and ash slagging risk.

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“…However, due to variations in the availability of sawdust, new raw materials have been used to produce biomass pellets, hindering international commercialization of pellets, among which it is possible to find agroforestry waste [16] [17], endemic timber species [18] [19], and mixtures of biomass sources [20] [21].…”

Section: Global Production and Consumption Of Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass densification: A review of the market and recent R&D trends

2017

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The growing consumption of energy and the goals established in the COP21 to diminish greenhouse gases have been bases for the development of energy industries that use renewable sources. Biomass pellets have become interesting alternatives due to their physicochemical characteristics and advantages over traditional wood. This document sought to conduct a review of the behavior of the international market, emphasizing on the principal producer and consumer countries, prices of biofuel commercialization, as well as the different research trends related to this market. The European Union has become the principal market for biomass pellets with 94% growth in the last decade, sale prices around 200 and 250 €/t and an increasing need to import these biofuels. Research has focused mainly on four big areas, like pellet quality, new materials, market analysis, and combustion characteristics of the pellets. Understanding these research trends and knowing the existing market can permit the development of the currently inexistent Colombian industry for the use of this type of biofuel Keywords: Pellets, Biomass, Market, Solid Fuels, Renewable Energy. ResumenEl creciente consumo de energía y las metas establecidas en el COP21 para la disminución de gases de efecto invernadero han sido bases para el desarrollo de industrias energéticas que emplean fuentes renovables. Los pellets de biomasa se han convertido en alternativas interesantes debido a sus características fisicoquímicas y ventajas sobre la madera tradicional. El presente documento busca realizar una revisión al comportamiento del mercado internacional haciendo énfasis en los principales países productores y consumidores, los precios de comercialización del biocombustible, así como las diferentes tendencias en investigación relacionadas con este mercado. La Unión Europea se ha consolidado como el principal mercado para pellets de biomasa con un crecimiento del 94% en la última década, precios de venta alrededor de 200-250 €/t y una cada vez mayor necesidad de importar estos biocombustibles. Las investigaciones se han enfocado principalmente en cuatro grandes áreas como calidad de pellets, nuevos materiales, análisis de mercados y características de la combustión de pellets. Entender estas tendencias de investigación y conocer el mercado existente pueden permitir el desarrollo de la industria colombiana actualmente inexistente para el aprovechamiento de este tipo de biocombustible.

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Improved bulk density of bamboo pellets as biomass for energy production

Cited by 89 publications

References 15 publications

Pengaruh Ukuran Serbuk dan Penambahan Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Kualitas Pelet Kayu Sengon

Pengaruh Ukuran Serbuk dan Penambahan Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Kualitas Pelet Kayu Sengon

The Bioenergetic Potential of Four Oak Species from Northeastern Mexico

Biomass densification: A review of the market and recent R&D trends

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