“…After hunting, the Antlions update their position with the position of the ants according to the fitness value using the following equation: 2.2. Improved ALO (IALO) [26] Reducing the size of the random walk in the population ant at the start of (ALO) algorithm, the exploration and exploitation of (ALO) below 20% in the maximum iteration, the 20% maximum iteration change in ant's random walk model is shown in the following code snippet: (𝑡) = [0, ⋯ , 𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑠𝑢𝑚(2𝑟(𝑡𝑛) -1)], 𝑛 = 1,2, ⋯ , 𝑀𝑎𝑥_𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟/5 for every ant (16) Improved selection of Antlion in roulette wheel by increasing fitness value and choosing negative fitness value, at the end of algorithm, update the elitist Antlion, combine search and sort population, compare fitness value pairs of ant and Antlion, if the fitness value of ant is better than the fitness value of Antlion, the position of ant will be updated to Antlion as shown by the following code: Select Antlion by roulette wheel method for building trap [27] Tournament selection is a simple selection method, n individuals are selected from a large population, and left for tournament. The individual with the highest fitness will be selected, each selection is usually two individuals (binary tournament) and sorted into a new group.…”