Improved and Always Improving: Reference Formulations for Thermophysical Properties of Water

Harvey, Allan H.; Hrubý, Jan; Meier, Karsten

doi:10.1063/5.0125524

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 401 publications

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“…The most important aspect of mapping the blinking-checkers model to describe the phase behavior of polyamorphic substances is to assign the appropriate energy and entropy of reaction for the system. , Applying the condition for chemical-reaction equilibrium, ∂f / ∂x | T ,ρ = μ 12 = 0, where μ 12 = μ 1 – μ 2 is the difference between the two chemical potentials of each species in the interconverting mixture, makes the temperature-dependent function, φ 12 ° ( T ), well-defined. We emphasize that, unlike previous models for water, which introduce a “local” density difference by changing the occupancy or volume − of each cell, the blinking-checkers model assumes that there is no volume change of reaction. This indicates that the nonideality of the mixture is the primary ingredient for the anomalous behavior of the thermodynamic properties in fluids exhibiting polyamorphic or water-like behavior .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Properties of Fluids Exhibiting Liquid Polyamorphism and Water-Like Anomalies

et al. 2023

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It has been hypothesized that liquid polyamorphism, the existence of multiple amorphous states in a singlecomponent substance, may be caused by molecular or supramolecular interconversion. A simple microscopic model [Caupin and Anisimov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 2021, 127, 185701] introduces interconversion in a compressible binary lattice to generate various thermodynamic scenarios for fluids that exhibit liquid polyamorphism and/or water-like anomalies. Using this model, we demonstrate the dramatic effects of interconversion on the interfacial properties. In particular, we find that the liquid−vapor surface tension exhibits either an inflection point or two extrema in its temperature dependence. Correspondingly, we observe anomalous behavior of the interfacial thickness and a significant shift in the location of the concentration profile with respect to the location of the density profile.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Properties of Fluids Exhibiting Liquid Polyamorphism and Water-Like Anomalies

et al. 2023

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“…In TEOS-10, temperature is expressed on the 1990 International Temperature Scale (ITS-90, Preston-Thomas 1990). In the vicinity of the triple point of water, ITS-90 deviates only insignificantly from the current Thermodynamic Temperature Scale (BIPM 2019) and will remain in practical use for the foreseeable future (Harvey et al 2023). The isotopic composition of water is assumed to be that of Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW, IAPWS G5-01 2016).…”

Section: Teos-10 Equations Of Statementioning

confidence: 96%

TEOS-10 Equations for the Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) and Climatic Feedback of Marine Clouds

Feistel,

Hellmuth

2024

Preprint

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At an energy flux imbalance of about 1 W m–2, the ocean is storing 90 % of the heat accumulating by global warming. However, neither the causes nor the responsible geophysical processes are sufficiently well understood. More detailed investigations of the different phenomena contributing to the oceanic energy balance are warranted. Here, the role of low-level marine clouds in the air-sea interaction is analysed. TEOS-10, the International Thermodynamic Equation of State of Seawater – 2010, is exploited for a rigorous thermodynamic description of the climatic trend of the Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) of the marine troposphere. Rising Sea-Surface Temperature (SST) at constant Relative Humidity (RH) is elevating marine clouds, cooling the cloud base and reducing the downward thermal radiation. This LCL feedback effect is negative and counteracting ocean warming. At the current global SST of about 292 K, the net radiative heat flux from the ocean surface to the LCL cloud base is estimated to 24 W m–2. Per degree of SST increase, this net flux is expected to be enhanced by almost 0.5 W m–2. The climatic LCL feedback effect is relevant for the ocean’s energy balance and may thermodynamically rigorously be modelled in terms of TEOS-10 equations. LCL height may serve as a remotely measured, sensitive estimate for sea surface relative fugacity, or conventional relative humidity.

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“…The experimental methodology was developed taking into account the definition of a liquid as a fluid medium, the properties of which are characterized by the distributions of the Gibbs potential, its derivatives defining thermodynamic quantities, kinetic and other physical coefficients [66,67]. The flow is defined as the combined transfer of momentum, energy, and matter, which causes the corresponding changes in the physicochemical parameters of the medium [70].…”

Section: Parametrizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For convenience of further reading, photographs of the flow are given in Figure 4 with designations of the components under discussion and an indication of their sizes. As can be seen in Figure 2, and a number of subsequent ones, the color image of the drop coalescence expresses a number of structural components identified in [67,77], which were not previously studied systematically. For convenience of further reading, photographs of the flow are given in Figure 4 with designations of the components under discussion and an indication of their sizes.…”

Section: Drop Spreading Of Alizarin Ink Solution In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In modern fluid mechanics, some parameters of the medium, such as density and pressure, are considered to be quantities of a mixed, namely, mechanical and thermodynamic nature. Empirical relations between thermodynamic quantities constitute equations of state [66][67][68], among which the main one is the dependence of density ρ = ρ(P, T, S i ) on pressure P, temperature T, and the concentration of dissolved substances and suspended particles S i . The thermodynamic state of the medium is characterized by the spatial distributions of Gibbs potential and its derivatives, which include the density, temperature, salinity and pressure, which change over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

Chashechkin,

Ilinykh

2023

Fluids

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Registration of the flow pattern and the matter distribution of a free falling liquid drop in a target fluid at rest in the impact mode of coalescence when the kinetic energy (KEn) of the drop exceeds its available surface potential energy (ASPe) was carried out by photo and video recording. We studied the evolution of the fine flow structure at the initial stage of the cavity formation. To carry out color registration, the observation field was illuminated by several matrix LED and fiber-optic sources of constant light. The planning of experiments and interpretation of the results were based on the properties of the complete solutions of the fundamental equations of a fluid mechanics system, including the transfer and conversion of energy processes. Complete solutions of the system of equations describe large-scale flow components that are waves or vortices as well as thin jets (ligaments, filaments, fibers, trickles). In experiments, the jets are accelerated by the converted available surface potential energy (ASPe) when the free surfaces of merging fluids were eliminated. The experiments were performed with the coalescence of water, solutions of alizarin ink, potassium permanganate, and copper sulfate or iron sulfate drops in deep water. In all cases, at the initial contact, the drop begins to lose its continuity and breaks up into a thin veil and jets, the velocity of which exceeds the drop contact velocity. Small droplets, the size of which grows with time, are thrown into the air from spikes at the jet tops. On the surface of the liquid, the fine jets leave colored traces that form linear and reticular structures. Part of the jets penetrating through the bottom and wall of the cavity forms an intermediate covering layer. The jets forming the inside layer are separated by interfaces of the target fluid. The processes of molecular diffusion equalize the density differences and form an intermediate layer with sharp boundaries in the target fluid. All noted structural features of the flow are also visualized when a fresh water drop isothermally spreads in the same tap water. Molecular diffusion processes gradually smooth out the fast-changing boundary of merging fluids, which at the initial stage has a complex and irregular shape. Similar flow patterns were observed in all performed experiments; however, the geometric features of the flow depend on the individual thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the contacting fluids.

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Improved and Always Improving: Reference Formulations for Thermophysical Properties of Water

Cited by 20 publications

References 401 publications

Interfacial Properties of Fluids Exhibiting Liquid Polyamorphism and Water-Like Anomalies

Interfacial Properties of Fluids Exhibiting Liquid Polyamorphism and Water-Like Anomalies

TEOS-10 Equations for the Lifted Condensation Level (LCL) and Climatic Feedback of Marine Clouds

Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

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