Improved alignment of the Hengchun Fault (southern Taiwan) based on fieldwork, structure-from-motion, shallow drilling, and levelling data

Giletycz, Slawomir Jack; Chang, Chung Pai; Lin, A. T.; Ching, Kuo En; Ôta, Yôko

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2017.10.018

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The Kenting Mélange, which crops out in a narrow area of badland between the Hengchun Fault and the Kenting Fault (Figure 3a), is a chaotic unit characterized by polygenic clasts ranging in size from a few Chang et al (2003) and Giletycz et al (2015) and representative field photographs from the Hengchun area: outcrop of the flysch sequences in the turbiditic Mutan Formation (b); Igneous pebbles rounded and metamorphosed to different degrees (c); Angular basalt block in the Jianshan area (d); Massive gabbro block in the Kenting area (e); and Pillow basalt in the Ssuchungchi Gorge (f). The stratigraphic column is modified after Giletycz et al (2017). Abbreviations: KT = Cingwashih Park in the Kenting area; SG = Ssuchungchi Gorge; PL = Paoli area; LLX = Liangluanxi area; JS = Jianshan area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Accreted Mafic Rocks From the Hengchun Peninsula, Southern Taiwan: Origin and Tectonic Implications

et al. 2019

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The accretionary prism of the Hengchun Peninsula at the southernmost tip of the active Taiwan orogen has newly emerged due to the transition from a subduction zone to an arc‐continent collision zone. The mafic rocks within the Hengchun accretionary prism, whose provenance has long been controversial, are highly indicative of the mantle nature and tectonic evolution around the northern Manila Trench. Based on geochemical analyses, the accreted basalts are classified as normal and enriched mid‐ocean ridge basalts (N‐MORB and E‐MORB) and alkaline ocean island basalts. The N‐MORBs, which exhibit geochemical signatures indicative of virtually unmetasomatized depleted MORB mantle and yield zircon U‐Pb ages of 22.8 ± 0.3 and 24.2 ± 1.1 Ma, were off‐scraped from the subducted oceanic crust of the South China Sea (SCS). The alkaline ocean island basalts are considered fragments of subducted seamount due to their geochemical similarity with seamount basalts from the SCS. The Hf‐Nd isotopic compositions of basalts from the north SCS may represent the contributions of recycled oceanic crust and the upwelling Hainan Plume. The E‐MORBs, which exhibit similar geochemical compositions as rocks from the Huatung Basin and yield an 40Ar/39Ar age of 135.0 ± 5.6 Ma, were removed from the overriding plate due to the excessive shear stress between the converging plates and were laterally transported by strike‐slip movement; alternatively, they were off‐scraped from the subducted Luzon forearc slices. The temporary uplift and collapse of the accretionary prism caused by seamount subduction may have been responsible for the genesis of the lenticular Shihmen Conglomerate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Accreted Mafic Rocks From the Hengchun Peninsula, Southern Taiwan: Origin and Tectonic Implications

et al. 2019

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“…Based on radiocarbon dating of marine terraces in the southern Hengchun Peninsula (Cheng & Huang, 1975; Chen et al, 2014; Liew & Lin, 1987), the uplift rates show that high reliefs at the western flank of the peninsula have been built by a continuous uplift of the Hengchun thrust fault (Figures 10b and 4) (Chen et al, 2005; Giletycz et al, 2017). The uplift rates of the hanging wall demonstrate 5 to 6.3 mm/yr while the footwall 1.0 to 4.2 mm/yr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latitudinal east‐to‐west increase of the topography indicates asymmetric uplift rates that are linked to activity of the Hengchun Fault (Giletycz et al, 2017). To the southwest of the Lilong Range, an emerged lagoon built of Holocene sediments (Cheng & Huang, 1975; Chen & Liu, 1993; Liew & Lin, 1987) also indicates westward expansion of the peninsula's surface (Figure 3b).…”

Section: Geomorphic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ephemeral landform development following rapid coastal uplift in the southern orogen of Taiwan

Giletycz

Lin

Yamada

et al. 2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Newly emerged landscapes above sea level are characterized by rapidly evolving geomorphic systems where the initial fluvial pattern adapts to a former submarine topography. Such an early formed fluvial system establishes drainage basins and unstable landforms that characterize high topographic asymmetry which are prone to fast removal or reorganization. Transitional landscapes might form depositional systems as lakes or ponds that subsequently are incised, captured and incorporated into drainage basins. In this study we focus on the recently emerged Hengchun Peninsula to survey its paleoenvironment evolution. Three drillings performed in the Gangkou basin with fieldwork revealed several indicators that reconstructed stages of the landscape reorganization. The major finding shows an ephemeral large lake in the central part of the Hengchun Peninsula that was drained to the Pacific c. 6000 BP.The lake belonged to an ephemeral lakeland that was created after the emergence of the peninsula. Currently, several areas as relict landforms indicate this stage of topography evolution that through high rates of incision and subsequent captures, transforms into drainage basins. Furthermore, two drillings show brackish waters at the present estuary of the Gangkou basin. These two different paleoenvironments today build one system -Gangkou catchment. Long-term uplift rates show that a hanging wall of the Hengchun Fault plays a significant role in the creation of a lakeland by tilting the peninsula's surface. The tilt impacts on asymmetrical emergence of the peninsula and catchment development. Our study shows that a new geomorphic system might create depositional ephemeral landforms (lakes) that represent phases of early topography evolution after emergence above a sea level that are subjected to instantaneous rearrangement and evolves through large-scale phases before it reaches a topographic steady-state.emerging landscape, ephemeral lakes, new geomorphic system, southern Taiwan, topography rearrangement | INTRODUCTIONLandscapes that have emerged above sea level are often characterized by ephemeral landforms, because they are built of submarine topography that has not been previously affected by surface erosional processes. In this study, we describe such a setting as a 'new geomorphic system'. The exposure to subaerial conditions prompts rapid landscape reorganization. In this case, the topography is also characterized by an initial drainage system in which runoff accommodates to the former submarine topography until it evolves into a mature subaerial landscape. After subaerial emergence, the incipient topography is subjected to erosional processes dominated by fluvial

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“…The recent change in PSP/EU motion from north directed to WNW directed motions that defined the current plate kinematics occurred between 7 and 3 Ma. This change was responsible for westward migration of deformation and partitioning of the oblique left‐lateral component long the Chaochou Fault and Hengchun Fault (e.g., Shyu et al, 2005; Giletycz et al, ), accompanied by lateral extrusion of the Pingtung plain (Lacombe et al, ; Lin et al, ; Ching et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Partitioning and Exhumation in Oblique Taiwan Collision: Role of Rift Architecture and Plate Kinematics

et al. 2020

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Taiwan is an archetypal example of continental accretionary wedges. Yet the generally poor knowledge of three-dimensional strain distribution over time and role of architecture of the rifted margin shed doubt on the cylindrical two-dimensional kinematic models of Taiwan collision. Here we provide new field-based constraints on strain distribution, new Raman Spectroscopy on Carbonaceous Materials temperatures and apply mica-chlorite multiequilibrium approach to determine pressure-temperature in the Central Range of Taiwan. We identify three distinct structural domains that define zones of orthogonal shortening in the western Backbone Range and left-lateral ductile shearing overprinted by left-lateral transtensional brittle deformation in eastern Central Range. Field surveys show the lack of nappe stacking in the Backbone Range. Combining new temperature estimates with existing thermochronological constraints we emphasize that western Taiwan mostly inherited preorogenic thermal history. We show that metamorphic peak conditions of 5-6 kbar and 330-400°C in the eastern Backbone Range and HP rocks of the Yuli Belt exhumed along the P-T paths related to transcurrent deformation. We propose a three-dimensional kinematic model of Taiwan accounting for the oblique motion of the Philippine Sea Plate relative to the plate boundary and the reactivation of a NS striking transform fault in the South China Sea rifted margin. Recent and ongoing strain partitioning in the Taiwan accretionary wedge is reflected by the coexistence of brittle left-lateral shear, oblique extension, and contraction. Our results have impact on orogen-based plate kinematic reconstructions that consider two-dimensional kinematic evolution of orogens.

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Improved alignment of the Hengchun Fault (southern Taiwan) based on fieldwork, structure-from-motion, shallow drilling, and levelling data

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Accreted Mafic Rocks From the Hengchun Peninsula, Southern Taiwan: Origin and Tectonic Implications

Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Accreted Mafic Rocks From the Hengchun Peninsula, Southern Taiwan: Origin and Tectonic Implications

Ephemeral landform development following rapid coastal uplift in the southern orogen of Taiwan

Strain Partitioning and Exhumation in Oblique Taiwan Collision: Role of Rift Architecture and Plate Kinematics

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