Improved alignment and stress transfer in CNT fibre fabrics studied by in situ X-ray and Raman during wet-drawing

Mikhalchan, Anastasiia; Madrona, Cristina; Arévalo, Luis; Malfois, Marc; Vilatela, Juan J.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.06.045

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As Figure b shows, the longitudinal modulus follows a rule-of-mixture dependence on mass fraction. This indicates that the composite modulus is mainly governed by the modulus of the CNT network, which in turn is controlled by the degree of CNT alignment . The introduction of MoS 2 into the fabric is not expected to disrupt the initial degree of CNT alignment; hence, the composite modulus is essentially proportional to the mass fraction of CNTs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Composite Electrodes of Carbon Nanotube Fabrics and Inorganic Matrices via Rapid Joule Heating

Upama

Mikhalchan

Arévalo

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Composites of nanocarbon network structures are interesting materials, combining mechanical properties and electrical conductivity superior to those of granular systems. Hence, they are envisaged to have applications as electrodes for energy storage and transfer. Here, we show a new processing route using Joule heating for a nanostructured network composite of carbon nanotube (CNT) fabrics and an inorganic phase (namely, MoS 2 ), and then study the resulting structure and properties. To this end, first, a unidirectional fabric of conductive CNT bundles is electrochemically coated with MoS 2 . Afterward, the conformally coated inorganic phase is crystallized via heat generated by direct current passing through the CNT ensemble. The Joule heating process is rapid (maximum heating rate up to 31.7 °C/s), enables accurate temperature control, and takes only a few minutes. The resulting composite material combines a high electrical conductivity of up to 1.72 (±0.25) × 10 5 S/m, tensile modulus as high as 8.82 ± 5.5 GPa/SG, and an axial tensile strength up to 200 ± 58 MPa/SG. Both electrical and mechanical properties are orders of magnitude above those of wet-processed nanocomposites of similar composition. The extraordinary longitudinal properties stem from the network of interconnected and highly aligned CNT bundles. Conductivity and modulus follow approximately a rule of mixtures, similar to a continuous fiber composite, whereas strength scales almost quadratically with the mass fraction of the inorganic phase due to the inorganic constraining realignment of CNTs upon stretching. This processing route is applicable to a wide range of nanocarbon-based composites with inorganic phases, leading to composites with specific strength above steel and electrical conductivity beyond the threshold for electronic limitations in battery electrodes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Composite Electrodes of Carbon Nanotube Fabrics and Inorganic Matrices via Rapid Joule Heating

Upama

Mikhalchan

Arévalo

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

Self Cite

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“…Carbon nanotube fibers either in the form of aligned networks or twisted yarns are extraordinary hierarchical materials that aim to translate the superior properties of carbon nanotubes to macroscopic structural fibers, see, e.g., ref. [102,103]. CNT aligned fibers and CNT yarns (CNTYs) are hierarchical structures comprising CNTs as building blocks at the fundamental (nanometric) level, bundles of CNTs held together by friction, twist (in the case of yarns) and van der Waals forces at the microscopic level, and thicker fibrils (made of thinner bundles) at the mesoscopic level.…”

Section: Thermoresistivity Of Carbon Nanotube Fibers and Yarnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresistivity of Carbon Nanostructures and their Polymeric Nanocomposites

Avilés

2023

Adv Materials Inter

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Carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and its multi‐layer derivatives exhiibit temperature‐dependent electrical conductivity. They can form percolated networks inside polymers, which render electrical conductivity to nanocomposites. Upon the formation of a percolated network, thermal energy applied to the material drives structural changes of the network, which manifest as changes in electrical conductivity. This principle is used to develop smart materials with self‐sensing temperature capabilities. This critical review covers past and present research on the electrical response to temperature (thermoresistivity) of carbon nanostructures and their polymeric nanocomposites. It covers few‐ and multi‐layer graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon‐nanostructured arrays and fibers (yarns). The mechanisms driving the thermoresistive response of individual nanostructures, their arrays, and of their polymeric nanocomposites are addressed. The role of the nanostructured filler on the thermoresistivity of polymer nanocomposites depends on its morphology and concentration. For low filler concentrations, thermal expansion of the polymer may dominate over the inherent thermoresistivity of the filler. For high filler concentrations, or for densely packed arrays of carbon nanostructures, the inherent (quantum) thermoresistive response of the nanostructures becomes dominant. The review addresses recent progress in the field, highlights current issues, synthesizes published data, and provides outlooks and insights into future directions.

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“…Raman spectroscopy is often used to verify the arrangement of CNTs in polymer composites. The ability of individual nanotubes to collect spectra shows that the signal intensity of the CNTs produced by Raman scattering is exceptionally strong [24].The dispersion and orientation of carbon nanotubes were tested by Raman spectroscopy (Raman, Horiba Jobin Yvon Xplora, and laser wavelength 532 nm, scanning range 2000~500 cm −1 ) and X-ray diffraction test (XRD) (XRD, Rigaku Ultima IV, wide-angle 5-80 • , conventional 10 • /min). The mass change of the composite films during the heating process with a steady heating rate of 10 °C/min in the range of 25-800 • C was analyzed by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA/SDTA851 e ); during the heating process, a constant N 2 gas was used as the test atmosphere condition.…”

Section: Performance Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Carbon Nanotubes–Graphene–Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Film with Excellent Electrothermal Performance

Da,

Wang,

Dong

et al. 2023

Energies

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Low power density and low heating rate are the key constraints for the development of conductive polymer materials in the field of electric heating. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs)–graphene (GR)–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite film was prepared by vacuum filtration and spin coating to solve the problem in this study. Moreover, an AC electric field was used to orient the CNTs to enhance the electrothermal performance. The structure and properties of composite films were analyzed. The results show that the composite film with CNT:GR = 2:1 has the lowest permeation threshold, and can heat up within 30 s and stabilize at 260 °C at 10 V. The electric field-oriented CNTs reduced the insulating polymer layer, increasing the heating rate of the composite film by 1.2 times, and increasing the theoretical thermal conductivity. The flexible electrothermal composite film prepared in this study can be used in thermal insulation, deicing, and wearable electronic devices.

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Improved alignment and stress transfer in CNT fibre fabrics studied by in situ X-ray and Raman during wet-drawing

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Processing of Composite Electrodes of Carbon Nanotube Fabrics and Inorganic Matrices via Rapid Joule Heating

Processing of Composite Electrodes of Carbon Nanotube Fabrics and Inorganic Matrices via Rapid Joule Heating

Thermoresistivity of Carbon Nanostructures and their Polymeric Nanocomposites

Development of Carbon Nanotubes–Graphene–Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Film with Excellent Electrothermal Performance

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