Improved Accuracy Average Value Models of Modular Multilevel Converters

Beddard, Antony; Sheridan, Caitriona E.; Barnes, Mike; Green, T. C.

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2016.2535410

Cited by 73 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Without the DCCB, when the SCF occurs, the MMC should be blocked . In the Zhangbei project, because of the application of the DCCB, the action strategy is quite different.…”

Section: Working States Of MMC In Vsc‐hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Average value model of modular multilevel converters for switching overvoltage simulation in VSC‐HVDC grids

Chen

Hou

et al. 2019

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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The first ±500 kV voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC‐HVDC) grid in the world is being built in China. The half‐bridge submodule‐based modular multilevel converter (MMC), the direct current (DC) circuit breaker (DCCB), and the overhead line are used in the project. Switching overvoltage will occur after the DCCB turns off the short circuit current (SCC) in the VSC‐HVDC grid. The existing average value models (AVMs) of MMC still have some limitations in simulating such a kind of overvoltage. The main reason is that these AVMs cannot accurately simulate the working states of MMC in the VSC‐HVDC grid with DCCB. This article summarizes the possible cases of the action strategies between the DCCB and MMC in the VSC‐HVDC grid. Then, the working states of MMC in the different cases are analyzed. Corresponding to different working states, the limitations of existing AVMs are analyzed. The existing AVMs cannot simulate the alternating current or DC components in the arm current before being blocked and the charging process of the submodule capacitor after being blocked. An enhanced AVM is proposed in this article, which can fully simulate the MMC's working states. Simulation results show that the accuracy of the proposed AVM is highly improved over the existing AVMs. Meanwhile, the simulation efficiency of the proposed model is improved over the detailed equivalent model that is highly accurate but relatively low efficient for VSC‐HVDC grid simulations. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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“…Without the DCCB, when the SCF occurs, the MMC should be blocked . In the Zhangbei project, because of the application of the DCCB, the action strategy is quite different.…”

Section: Working States Of MMC In Vsc‐hvdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation method of i c is different from AVM1, because R arm is added in the proposed AVM. The losses in the DEM can be calculated by (8) .

P_{normalac} = P_{normaldc} + P_{loss}

…”

Section: Proposed Avmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Average value model of modular multilevel converters for switching overvoltage simulation in VSC‐HVDC grids

Chen

Hou

et al. 2019

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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“…• Average arm SFM (AVM): This model incorporates the switching effect by utilizing a discrete set of values for the insertion index using module level modulation, which improves accuracy [22,23] Moreover, further simplified models for MMC have been proposed in the literature [19][20][21][22]31,[107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118]. The works in [19][20][21][22] extend the classical average modeling technique for 2/3-level converters [119] to MMC and represent its terminal dynamics using controlled sources; [107,[111][112][113][114]120] present enhanced versions of this model that incorporate the blocked state of operation for DC fault simulations and/or consider the effects of distributed submodule capacitor voltage ripple in MMC's terminal dynamics.…”

Section: Average Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The works in [19][20][21][22] extend the classical average modeling technique for 2/3-level converters [119] to MMC and represent its terminal dynamics using controlled sources; [107,[111][112][113][114]120] present enhanced versions of this model that incorporate the blocked state of operation for DC fault simulations and/or consider the effects of distributed submodule capacitor voltage ripple in MMC's terminal dynamics. Cigré [23] categorizes these extensions of conventional voltage source converter average models to MMC as Types 5 and 6.…”

Section: Average Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of MMC for Fast and Accurate Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients: A Review

Khan

Tedeschi

2017

Energies

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Over the past decade, modular multilevel converters have evolved as the preferred choice for high voltage conversion systems. The design of the converter poses a computational challenge to the classical electromagnetic transient simulation techniques, for which the existing literature proposes numerous simplified and computationally-efficient equivalent representations. Despite the extensive collection of proposed models, the literature lacks a systematic comparison of these representations, which could enable their appropriate selection based on the specific simulation objectives. In light of these requirements, this article presents a comprehensive review of MMC models and discusses their applicability for parallel and real-time simulation. Using PSCAD/EMTDC simulations, the models are objectively compared with regards to computational efficiency and accuracy for various transient conditions. In addition, the paper also presents a brief account of MMC operation and the associated control and modulation system.

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“…Average Value Models (AVMs) are used to represent the HBMMCs for this work since their accuracy is sufficient for the studies being conducted and they are significantly more computationally efficient than the more detailed models [5]. The MMC-AVM used in this system is implemented and parameterised according to [7].…”

Section: A Voltage Source Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

HVDC grid control system based on autonomous converter control

Barnes¹,

Beddard²,

Barker³

et al. 2016

8th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2016)

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In this paper, the main layers of a HVDC control architecture based on autonomous converter control have been implemented and a range of tests have been conducted to assess the system's steady-state and transient performance.The simulation results show that the control system is able to accurately control DC power flow in steady-state and to maintain grid stability for fast transient events without exceeding the dynamic operating limits.

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Improved Accuracy Average Value Models of Modular Multilevel Converters

Cited by 73 publications

References 18 publications

Average value model of modular multilevel converters for switching overvoltage simulation in VSC‐HVDC grids

Average value model of modular multilevel converters for switching overvoltage simulation in VSC‐HVDC grids

Modeling of MMC for Fast and Accurate Simulation of Electromagnetic Transients: A Review

HVDC grid control system based on autonomous converter control

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