Improved 1 V and 10 V Josephson voltage standard arrays

Kohlmann, J.; Müller, F.; Gutmann, P.; Pöpel, R.; Grimm, L.; Dunschede, F.-W.; Meier, Wolfgang; Niemeyer, J.

doi:10.1109/77.622112

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The first 1 V array had a total of 1474 PbInAu/PbO x /PbAu (B) SIS jj driven at 90 GHz [30]. Junction materials such as NbN/MgO/NbN (C) [31] and Nb/AlO x /Nb (D) [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] were successfully used as well (cf table 2).…”

Section: Materials and Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Josephson comparison results

Wood

Solve

2009

Metrologia

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In March 2009, the Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism (CCEM) reviewed and re-endorsed its recommendations originally proposed during its 25th meeting (April 2007) for changes in the SI electrical units (Recommendation E-1). Among its considerations, the document stated that the representation of the volt using the Josephson effect and the conventional value of the Josephson constant, K J−90 , has provided practical, accessible, reproducible, low noise and highly linear references worldwide since 1990. We summarize the measurement results of comparisons between Josephson voltage standards that help support this statement, especially concerning the accuracy and the simplicity of the Josephson relationship between voltage and frequency. We also detail a list of influence parameters and the ranges over which the Josephson relationship has been tested.

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Section: Materials and Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Josephson comparison results

Wood

Solve

2009

Metrologia

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“…The uniform microwave power distribution over all junctions is an important requirement for the formation of stable and wide steps. To achieve this, most present designs integrate the Josephson junctions into a low-impedance microstripline taking into consideration the conditions discussed in section 2.1.1 (Kohlmann et al 1997b, Hamilton and Burroughs 1995, Radparvar 1995, Endo et al 1995, Park et al 1995, Meyer et al 1999. Recently, Schubert et al (2001b) realized first 10 V arrays using a coplanar stripline (figure 1(b)).…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, all of the series array Josephson voltage standards operated throughout the world are based on microstripline designs. The most recent PTB design for 10 V arrays is shown in figure 2 (Kohlmann et al 1997b). An antipodal fin-line taper serves as an antenna to connect the microstripline, consisting of the series array of Josephson junctions, to the E-band rectangular waveguide while at the same time matching the impedance of the waveguide (about 520 ) to that of the microstripline (about 5 ) (Hinken 1983.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson voltage standards

Kohlmann

Behr

Funck

2003

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This paper reviews the present state of modern Josephson voltage standards. The presentation focuses on conventional dc standards based on underdamped superconductor-insulator-superconductor junctions and programmable standards based on overdamped superconductor-insulator-normal conductor-insulator-superconductor junctions. The current developments of ac standards on the basis of pulse-driven arrays and single flux quantum-based voltage multipliers are briefly summarized.

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“…Microwave power is delivered through a waveguide consisting of a 12-mm-diam tube with WR-12 launching horns on each end. Tubes of solid German silver 70 or stainless steel plated internally with silver 60 are commonly used. This waveguide simultaneously achieves low thermal loss ͑Ͻ0.5 L liquid-He per day͒ and low microwave loss ͑as low as 0.7 dB at 75 GHz͒.…”

Section: Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%