Imprints of the jittering jets explosion mechanism in the morphology of the supernova remnant SNR 0540-69.3

Abstract

I identify a point-symmetric structure in recently published velocity maps of different elements in a plane along the line of sight at the center of the supernova remnant SNR 0540-69.3, and argue that jittering jets that exploded this core collapse supernova shaped this point-symmetric structure. The four pairs of two opposite clumps that compose this point symmetric structure suggest that two to four pairs of jittering jets shaped the inner ejecta in this plane. In addition, intensity images of several spectral lines reveal a faint strip (the main jet-axis) that is part of this plane of jittering jets and its similarity to morphological features in a few other SNRs and in some planetary nebulae further suggests shaping by jets. My interpretation implies that in addition to instabilities, jets also mix elements in the ejecta of core collapse supernovae. Based on the point-symmetric structure and under the assumption that jittering jets exploded this supernova, I estimate the component of the neutron star natal kick velocity on the plane of the sky to be 235 km s −1 , and at an angle of 47 • to the direction of the main jet-axis. I analyse this natal kick direction together with other 12 SNRs in the frame of the jittering jets explosion mechanism.

Post-explosion positive jet-feedback activity in inner ejecta of core collapse supernovae

“…In the delayed neutrino mechanism neutrinos heat the post-shock collapsing matter and revive the stalled shock (e.g., Bethe & Wilson 1985;Couch & Ott 2013;Bruenn et al 2016;Janka et al 2016;Müller et al 2019;Burrows & Vartanyan 2021;Fujibayashi et al 2021;Boccioli et al 2022;Nakamura, Takiwaki, & Kotake 2022). In the jittering jets explosion mechanism the newly born NS (or black hole; BH) launches jets that deliver the energy to the ejecta (e.g., Soker 2010;Papish & Soker 2011;Gilkis & Soker 2014;Papish & Soker 2014;Quataert et al 2019;Shishkin & Soker 2021;Antoni & Quataert 2022;Shishkin & Soker 2022;Soker 2022).…”

Boosting jittering jets by neutrino heating in core collapse supernovae

“…A possible case for the present setting is one where there are N launch = 4, or few more, jet-launching episodes as I claimed for the supernova remnant SNR 0540-69.3 (Soker 2022), each lasting τ j 0.03 s or somewhat less. The total energy of the four jetlaunching episode is 1.2 × 10 51 erg, which after adding the contribution from neutrino heating that I study here and removing the binding energy of the ejecta gives a typical CCSN explosion energy.…”

“…According to the delayed neutrino mechanism (Bethe & Wilson 1985) neutrinos heat the material in the post-shock zone behind the stalled shock, the gain region, and after some delay the heating revives the stalled shock in a non-spherical manner (e.g., Couch & Ott 2013;Bruenn et al 2016;Janka et al 2016;O'Connor & Couch 2018;Müller et al 2019;Burrows & Vartanyan 2021;Fujibayashi et al 2021;Boccioli et al 2022). According to the jittering jets explosion mechanism (Soker 2010) the proto-NS, or later the newly born NS or a black hole (BH) if it is formed, launches jets that deposit sufficient amounts of energy to the collapsing core material outside the stalled shock and by that explode the star (e.g., Papish & Soker 2011, 2014bGilkis & Soker 2015;Quataert et al 2019;Soker 2020;Antoni & Quataert 2022;Shishkin & Soker 2022;Soker 2022).…”