Imprecision in WCET estimates due to library calls and how to reduce it (WIP paper)

Becker, Martin; Chakraborty, Samarjit; Metta, Ravindra; Venkatesh, R.

doi:10.1145/3316482.3326353

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…One possible approach could be to calculate parametric WCET estimates, as proposed in [30], and use parametric annotations in the source. We have qualitatively evaluated this approach in [3].…”

Section: Open Issues In Both Research Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our contributions are as follows: (1) We compare the requirements and goals of timing annotations in VP and WCET, (2) we evaluate the applicability of VP methods in WCET applications, and propose ways to fix them and increase their precision, (3) we propose a generic instruction-to-source mapping algorithm for WCET analysis of simple processors, competitive to classic approaches, and (4) we discuss further synergy in both research communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WCET Analysis meets Virtual Prototyping

Becker

Pazaj

Chakraborty

2019

Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems

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In this paper we discuss the problem of relating machine instructions to source level constructs, and how it has been addressed in the domains of Virtual Prototyping (VP) and Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) analysis. It has been handled in different ways, although the goals and requirements between both domains are not far from another. This paper shows that there exists a mutual benefit in exchanging solutions between the two research domains, by demonstrating the applicability and utility of VP methods for WCET analysis, and highlighting their shortcomings. After an evaluation of existing methods, we carefully rework and combine them to a sound and generic mapping algorithm for source-level WCET analysis. As a result, we obtain WCET estimates that outperform classic binary analyzers especially under moderate compiler optimization. Our approach is based on hierarchical flow matching, control-dependency-and dominator-homomorphic maps, and dominator lumping to soundly fill the gaps in the mapping. WCET estimation is performed using Model Checking, which maximally exploits the information available in the source, and highlights remaining weaknesses in the mapping methods. Last but not least, we discuss further chances of synergy between both research communities which could enable support for more complex microarchitectures with caches, pipelines and speculative execution in both source-level WCET analysis and VP. CCS Concepts • Software and its engineering → Real-time systems software; Compilers; Software post-development issues;

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Section: Open Issues In Both Research Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%