Imported case of rabies in Germany from India

Summer, Rudolf; Roß, Stefan; Kiehl, W

doi:10.2807/esw.08.46.02585-en

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…One case was reported in a macaque imported from the Philippines to the United States in 1955 [12] . Rare human rabies cases following monkey bites have been reported in local populations in India and Sri Lanka, based on clinical diagnosis [20] , [22] , [23] and in two travelers returning from India to Australia and Germany, based on histopathology in the first case and direct immunofluorescence and virus isolation in the second case [24] , [25] . One case was documented in a pet monkey in Jordan [26] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in different countries, and to provide an evidence base to support the decision to apply rabies PEP in this context.MethodologyTo retrieve information, we conducted a literature search from 1960 to January 2013. All reports of rabies in NHPs and rabies transmission to humans by infected NHPs were included. Also included were studies of travelers seeking care for rabies PEP in various settings.Data collected by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies concerning NHPs submitted for rabies diagnosis in France and human rabies exposure to NHPs in travelers returning to France were analyzed for the periods 1999–2012 and 1994–2011, respectively.Principal findingsA total of 159 reports of rabies in NHPs have been retrieved from various sources in South America, Africa, and Asia, including 13 cases in animals imported to Europe and the US. 134 were laboratory confirmed cases. 25 cases of human rabies following NHP-related injuries were reported, including 20 from Brazil. Among more than 2000 international travelers from various settings, the proportion of injuries related to NHP exposures was about 31%. NHPs rank second, following dogs in most studies and first in studies conducted in travelers returning from Southeast Asia. In France, 15.6% of 1606 travelers seeking PEP for exposure to any animal were injured by monkeys.Conclusions/significanceAlthough less frequently reported in published literature than human rabies, confirmed rabies cases in NHPs occur. The occurrence of documented transmission of rabies from NHPs to human suggests that rabies PEP is indicated in patients injured by NHPs in rabies-enzootic countries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data

et al. 2014

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“… Hunting Butchering Consumption? Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Lymphocytic choriomeningitis Transcutaneous: via animal bites Contact with infected animal excretions and secretions Hunting Butchering Nipah virus Nipah virus infection Ingestion of virus-contaminated food products Contact with infected urine or saliva or tissues Consumption Hunting Butchering Pteropodidae : (Epstein et al 2008 ) India; (Luby et al 2006 ; Luby et al 2009 ) Bangladesh Orf virus (Parapoxvirus) Contagious ecthyma Transcutaneous: via damaged skin or wounds Hunting Butchering Cervidae : (Kuhl et al 2003 ; Roess et al 2010 ; Smith et al 1991 ) USA Rabies virus and related Lyssaviruses Rabies and rabies-related disease Transcutaneous: via animal bites and scratches Non-bite exposure: via mucous membranes or damaged skin Hunting Butchering Sciuridae : (Kumari et al 2014 ) India; (ProMED-mail 2014b ) Costa Rica Viverridae : (ProMED-mail 2009 ) Tanzania Pteropodidae : (Hanna et al 2000 ; Samaratunga et al 1998 ; Warrilow et al 2002 ; ProMED-mail 2014a ) Australia Cercopithecidae : (Favoretto et al 2001 ) Brazil; (Summer et al 2004 ) India Felidae : (Pandit 1950 ) India Reoviruses (e.g. Melaka virus, Pulau virus) Acute respiratory disease Direct transmission from bat to human occurs via close contact?…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Zoonotic Infection Risks Associated with the Wild Meat Trade in Malaysia

2017

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The overhunting of wildlife for food and commercial gain presents a major threat to biodiversity in tropical forests and poses health risks to humans from contact with wild animals. Using a recent survey of wildlife offered at wild meat markets in Malaysia as a basis, we review the literature to determine the potential zoonotic infection risks from hunting, butchering and consuming the species offered. We also determine which taxa potentially host the highest number of pathogens and discuss the significant disease risks from traded wildlife, considering how cultural practices influence zoonotic transmission. We identify 51 zoonotic pathogens (16 viruses, 19 bacteria and 16 parasites) potentially hosted by wildlife and describe the human health risks. The Suidae and the Cervidae families potentially host the highest number of pathogens. We conclude that there are substantial gaps in our knowledge of zoonotic pathogens and recommend performing microbial food safety risk assessments to assess the hazards of wild meat consumption. Overall, there may be considerable zoonotic risks to people involved in the hunting, butchering or consumption of wild meat in Southeast Asia, and these should be considered in public health strategies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10393-017-1229-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Although rabies cases in humans resulting from transmission by NHP are rare, eight human fatal rabies cases following Brazilian rabid marmoset‐related injuries were recently published [9]. Additionally, three cases of documented rabies in humans following old world monkey‐related injuries have been published, including one with an incubation period of 37.5 months [10–12]. It is unclear whether rabies is being actively looked for in Bali among monkeys or whether deaths from rabies among monkeys have occurred during the current outbreak.…”

Section: Demographic and Travel Data Among 45 Travellers Injured In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in travellers returning from Bali, Indonesia, November 2008 to March 2010

Gautret

Lim

Shaw

et al. 2011

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Since 2008, when the outbreak of rabies in Bali began, 45 patients have attended GeoSentinel or EuroTravNet sites for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), representing 12.6% of all travellers seen for PEP in all network clinics during the same time period. This suggests that Bali is emerging as a commonly visited destination among travellers presenting for rabies PEP. The data demonstrate that the majority of animal-related injuries in travellers returning from Bali are associated with exposure to monkeys, and not dog bites/scratches. The clinical implications of this are discussed.

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Imported case of rabies in Germany from India

Abstract: An imported case of rabies was recently notified in Germany. At the beginning of May 2004, a 51 year old Bavarian man became ill six weeks after returning from a five month trip to India.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data

Rabies in Nonhuman Primates and Potential for Transmission to Humans: A Literature Review and Examination of Selected French National Data

A Review of Zoonotic Infection Risks Associated with the Wild Meat Trade in Malaysia

Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in travellers returning from Bali, Indonesia, November 2008 to March 2010

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