Importance of weathering factors other than UV radiation and temperature in outdoor exposure

Sampers, Jacques

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(02)00049-6

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[20,21] It is worth noting that in all cases results are discussed on the basis of photodegradation rates. Hence, in further developments, we will focused our attention on the impact of environmental factors on the nature and reactivity of ROOH(R) in order to correlate the lifetime of elastomers in different outdoor weathering locations for a similar climatic site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Atmosphere on the Reactivity of Peroxidic Species upon Photooxidation of Polymers

Fraïsse

Kumar

Commereuc

et al. 2004

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: This paper gives an account of preliminary results about the impact of an oxidative atmosphere on peroxidation. Attention is focused on the level, nature, and reactivity of (hydro)peroxides with respect to the oxidative component concentration. Our main result is surprising: a lower peroxidation rate occurs, but a higher content of hydroperoxides are formed in air than in pure oxygen atmospheres. The results may lead to an approach to understand the influence of atmospheric factors on the outdoor weathering of polymers.The device used to measure the oxygen uptake of the systems studied here.imageThe device used to measure the oxygen uptake of the systems studied here.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Atmosphere on the Reactivity of Peroxidic Species upon Photooxidation of Polymers

Fraïsse

Kumar

Commereuc

et al. 2004

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…18,19 However, accelerated artifi cial weathering might infl uence the degradation mechanism and lead to inaccurate estimates of the lifetime of polymers. [20][21][22] Prosthetic materials have been compared under natural weathering, 23,24 and several studies have attempted to predict polymer lifetimes, using known statistical models involving parameters with no physical meaning. [25][26][27] Mathematical modeling has been used in order to predict the measured properties of a material in relation to solar or accelerated irradiation time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of outdoor weathering on facial prosthetic elastomers

et al. 2011

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Physical weathering is usually responsible for the degradation of maxillofacial prosthetic elastomers and the replacement of prostheses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of outdoor weathering on the physical properties of four nonpigmented facial prosthetics after 1 year of exposure. In addition, simple mathematical models were developed to correlate the measured properties with irradiation time, including parameters with physical meaning. Three different medical-grade polydimethyl siloxanes (PDMSs) and an experimental chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) were examined in this study. The samples were exposed to solar radiation for 1 year in Athens, Greece. Mechanical tests (compression and tensile) were performed using universal-type testing machine, and hardness measurements were performed with a durometer (Shore A). Thermal tests were also performed with a differential scanning calorimeter. Simple mathematical models were developed to describe the examined properties. Changes observed in the properties of examined materials, before and after the exposure, reflected the effect of weathering. More specifically, two of the silicone prosthetics (Elastomer 42, TechSIL 25) seemed to become harder and more brittle, different from the other silicone (M511) sample and the CPE sample, which became softer and more ductile. Moreover mathematical models correlate the measured properties with irradiation time, and their constants indicate that duration of exposure seems to increase the degradation. Significant changes in the mechanical and thermal properties of the examined materials were observed as a result of outdoor weathering. The effect of weathering on samples' properties was introduced through its effect on the mathematical models' parameters.

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“…Only a few studies have been published that attempted to explain unexpected differences between two well-known exposure sites with apparent similar climatic conditions. 12,23 It is note worthy that in all cases, results were discussed on the basis of photodegradation rates according to the formation of carbonylated by-products detected by FTIR. Hence, in further developments, we will focus our attention on the impact of environmental factors on the nature and reactivity of (hydro)peroxides to correlate the lifetime of polymers in different outdoor weathering locations for a similar climatic site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo‐oxidation of polymers: Validation of oxygen uptake and relationship with extent of hydroperoxidation

Fraïsse

Kumar

Commereuc

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:In this piece of work we focused our attention on the peroxidation step and alongside considered hydroperoxides as probes for the overall oxidative process. This technique of oxygen uptake actually monitors the amount of oxygen consumed during polymer degradation. Our present work aimed to investigate this technique to evaluate the oxygen uptake during in situ photoirradiation, under controlled atmosphere. Our experimental results clearly elucidate that the oxygen consumption data accounts for a very early stage of aging during the photo-oxidation of polymers and provides us with an accurate and sensitive diagnosis about the formation of hydroperoxides. A straight-line relationship was exhibited under our experimental conditions while observing a relation between oxygen pressure drop and hydroperoxide content in the polymer. This correlation was dependent upon the nature of polymer and of course on the aging conditions (temperature, irradiation, oxidative atmosphere). The impact of environmental atmosphere on aging was particularly kept in mind. To conclude, we emphasized that oxygen uptake is a promisingly powerful tool to identify the impact of the overall environmental parameters on the polymer photoaging. An important implication was on the understanding of atmospheric factors (including pollutants such as O 3 , NO x , etc.), which is usually given minor importance, on the degradation of polymer upon outdoor weathering.

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Importance of weathering factors other than UV radiation and temperature in outdoor exposure

Cited by 66 publications

References 12 publications

Impact of the Atmosphere on the Reactivity of Peroxidic Species upon Photooxidation of Polymers

Impact of the Atmosphere on the Reactivity of Peroxidic Species upon Photooxidation of Polymers

Effects of outdoor weathering on facial prosthetic elastomers

Photo‐oxidation of polymers: Validation of oxygen uptake and relationship with extent of hydroperoxidation

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