Importance of the cervical capsular joint cartilage geometry on head and facet joint kinematics assessed in a Finite element neck model

Corrales, Miguel A.; Cronin, Duane S.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110528

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In addition, the effect of re‐posturing and muscle pre‐tension in the head CoG kinematics was modest. In agreement with recent studies 36 that have suggested that global metrics (e.g., head CoG kinematics) are generally not sensitive to model changes. However, the effect can be seen at the tissue level (e.g., vertebral kinematics and muscle strain).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, the effect of re-posturing and muscle pre-tension in the head CoG kinematics was modest. In agreement with recent studies 36 that have suggested that global metrics F I G U R E 5 Rear impact simulations Including: stress initialization for the muscle pre-tension (dynamic relaxation), head stabilization to a quasi-equilibrium state (explicit simulation), and finally rear impact explicit simulation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Effect of muscle pre‐tension and pre‐impact neck posture on the kinematic response of the cervical spine in simulated low‐speed rear impacts

Correia

Corrales

McLachlin

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Computational human body models (HBMs) can identify potential injury pathways not easily accessible through experimental studies, such as whiplash induced injuries. However, previous computational studies investigating neck response to simulated impact conditions have neglected the effect of pre‐impact neck posture and muscle pre‐tension on the intervertebral kinematics and tissue‐level response. The purpose of the present study was addressing this knowledge gap using a detailed neck model subjected to simulated low‐acceleration rear impact conditions, towards improved intervertebral kinematics and soft tissue response for injury assessment. An improved muscle path implementation in the model enabled the modeling of muscle pre‐tension using experimental muscle pre‐stretch data determined from previous cadaver studies. Cadaveric neck impact tests and human volunteer tests with the corresponding cervical spine posture were simulated using a detailed neck model with the reported boundary conditions and no muscle activation. Computed intervertebral kinematics of the model with pre‐tension achieved, for the first time, the S‐shape behavior of the neck observed in low severity rear impacts of both cadaver and volunteer studies. The maximum first principal strain in the muscles for the model with pre‐tension was 27% higher than that without pre‐tension. Although, the pre‐impact neck posture was updated to match the average posture reported in the experimental tests, the change in posture was generally small with only small changes in vertebral kinematics and muscle strain. This study provides a method to incorporate muscle pre‐tension in HBM and quantifies the importance of pre‐tension in calculating tissue‐level distractions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of muscle pre‐tension and pre‐impact neck posture on the kinematic response of the cervical spine in simulated low‐speed rear impacts

Correia

Corrales

McLachlin

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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“… 63 It is also possible that the integrity and thickness of adjacent soft tissue, namely the capsule surrounding the facet joints, can affect ROM, however relevant in silico studies have failed to establish a significant correlation. 20 , 31…”

Section: Healthy Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematics of the Cervical Spine Under Healthy and Degenerative Conditions: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Knowledge of spinal kinematics is essential for the diagnosis and management of spinal diseases. Distinguishing between physiological and pathological motion patterns can help diagnose these diseases, plan surgical interventions and improve relevant tools and software. During the last decades, numerous studies based on diverse methodologies attempted to elucidate spinal mobility in different planes of motion. The authors aimed to summarize and compare the evidence about cervical spine kinematics under healthy and degenerative conditions. This includes an illustrated description of the spectrum of physiological cervical spine kinematics, followed by a comparable presentation of kinematics of the degenerative cervical spine. Data was obtained through a systematic MEDLINE search including studies on angular/translational segmental motion contribution, range of motion, coupling and center of rotation. As far as the degenerative conditions are concerned, kinematic data regarding disc degeneration and spondylolisthesis were available. Although the majority of the studies identified repeating motion patterns for most motion planes, discrepancies associated with limited sample sizes and different imaging techniques and/or spine configurations, were noted. Among healthy/asymptomatic individuals, flexion extension (FE) and lateral bending (LB) are mainly facilitated by the subaxial cervical spine. C4–C5 and C5–C6 were the major FE contributors in the reported studies, exceeding the motion contribution of sub-adjacent segments. Axial rotation (AR) greatly depends on C1–C2. FE range of motion (ROM) is distributed between the atlantoaxial and subaxial segments, while AR ROM stems mainly from the former and LB ROM from the latter. In coupled motion rotation is quantitatively predominant over translation. Motion migrates caudally from C1–C2 and the center of rotation (COR) translocates anteriorly and superiorly for each successive subaxial segment. In degenerative settings, concurrent or subsequent lesions render the association between diseases and mobility alterations challenging. The affected segments seem to maintain translational and angular motion in early and moderate degeneration. However, the progression of degeneration restrains mobility, which seems to be maintained or compensated by adjacent non-affected segments. While the kinematics of the healthy cervical spine have been addressed by multiple studies, the entire nosological and kinematic spectrum of cervical spine degeneration is partially addressed. Large—scale in vivo studies can complement the existing evidence, cover the gaps and pave the way to technological and clinical breakthroughs.

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“…means no correlation. The FJK were calculated as the displacements of the point "p" in the inferior facet of the vertebra (C2 to C7) with respect to a local coordinate system (X′, Z′) in the superior adjacent vertebra (Figure 4B), similar to experimental (Stemper et al, 2011b) and computational studies (Corrales and Cronin, 2021). The FJK rotation was defined as the change in angle between the X′ axis and a line passing through the local coordinate system origin and the point "p".…”

Section: Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, Age and Stature Affects Neck Biomechanical Responses in Frontal and Rear Impacts Assessed Using Finite Element Head and Neck Models

Corrales

Cronin

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The increased incidence of injury demonstrated in epidemiological data for the elderly population, and females compared to males, has not been fully understood in the context of the biomechanical response to impact. A contributing factor to these differences in injury risk could be the variation in geometry between young and aged persons and between males and females. In this study, a new methodology, coupling a CAD and a repositioning software, was developed to reposture an existing Finite element neck while retaining a high level of mesh quality. A 5th percentile female aged neck model (F0575YO) and a 50th percentile male aged neck model (M5075YO) were developed from existing young (F0526YO and M5026YO) neck models (Global Human Body Models Consortium v5.1). The aged neck models included an increased cervical lordosis and an increase in the facet joint angles, as reported in the literature. The young and the aged models were simulated in frontal (2, 8, and 15 g) and rear (3, 7, and 10 g) impacts. The responses were compared using head and relative facet joint kinematics, and nominal intervertebral disc shear strain. In general, the aged models predicted higher tissue deformations, although the head kinematics were similar for all models. In the frontal impact, only the M5075YO model predicted hard tissue failure, attributed to the combined effect of the more anteriorly located head with age, when compared to the M5026YO, and greater neck length relative to the female models. In the rear impacts, the F0575YO model predicted higher relative facet joint shear compared to the F0526YO, and higher relative facet joint rotation and nominal intervertebral disc strain compared to the M5075YO. When comparing the male models, the relative facet joint kinematics predicted by the M5026YO and M5075YO were similar. The contrast in response between the male and female models in the rear impacts was attributed to the higher lordosis and facet angle in females compared to males. Epidemiological data reported that females were more likely to sustain Whiplash Associated Disorders in rear impacts compared to males, and that injury risk increases with age, in agreement with the findings in the present study. This study demonstrated that, although the increased lordosis and facet angle did not affect the head kinematics, changes at the tissue level were considerable (e.g., 26% higher relative facet shear in the female neck compared to the male, for rear impact) and relatable to the epidemiology. Future work will investigate tissue damage and failure through the incorporation of aged material properties and muscle activation.

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Importance of the cervical capsular joint cartilage geometry on head and facet joint kinematics assessed in a Finite element neck model

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of muscle pre‐tension and pre‐impact neck posture on the kinematic response of the cervical spine in simulated low‐speed rear impacts

Effect of muscle pre‐tension and pre‐impact neck posture on the kinematic response of the cervical spine in simulated low‐speed rear impacts

Kinematics of the Cervical Spine Under Healthy and Degenerative Conditions: A Systematic Review

Sex, Age and Stature Affects Neck Biomechanical Responses in Frontal and Rear Impacts Assessed Using Finite Element Head and Neck Models

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