Importance of Physicochemical Characterization of Nanoparticles in Pharmaceutical Product Development

Raval, Nidhi; Maheshwari, Rahul; Kalyane, Dnyaneshwar; Youngren-Ortiz, Susanne R.; Chougule, Mahavir B.; Tekade, Rakesh K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817909-3.00010-8

Cited by 185 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Both values indicated that the astaxanthin nanoparticle particle size was in the nano-range and showed good colloidal stability. These results coincided with a previous study on polymer-based nanoparticles (Mora-Huertas et al, 2010). Due to the high-energy barrier between particles, a zeta value of less than −10 mV granted good colloidal stability.…”

Section: Particle Size and Zeta Potential Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Physicochemical characterization of astaxanthin-loaded PLGA formulation via nanoprecipitation technique

Aizuddin¹,

Chit²,

Surindar³

et al. 2020

J Appl Pharm Sci

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Astaxanthin is a strong antioxidant with numerous medicinal properties. However, it is highly lipophilic and has low bioavailability which hinders its absorption capabilities. In order to improve the absorption of astaxanthin, the present study evaluates the physicochemical characteristics of astaxanthin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles prepared via the nanoprecipitation technique. An optimum formulation of nanoparticles was then tested for particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation and entrapment efficiency, morphology, thermal behavior, crystallinity, and compound-polymer interaction. The size of the particles and zeta potential of the formed nanoparticle were reported at 142.23 ± 0.961 nm and −27.3 ± 4.67 mV, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) study through photomicrogram confirmed the nano-range size of the optimum formulation. The formulation shows low nanoparticle yield but recorded high encapsulation efficiency. Density scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction results proved that the nanoparticles were in an amorphous state. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis had shown that the stretching vibrations of ketone and hydroxyl functional groups were restricted, indicating that the astaxanthin was encapsulated inside the PLGA polymer. These findings provide valuable information regarding astaxanthin bioavailability enhancement through the nanoprecipitation technique.

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Section: Particle Size and Zeta Potential Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Physicochemical characterization of astaxanthin-loaded PLGA formulation via nanoprecipitation technique

Aizuddin¹,

Chit²,

Surindar³

et al. 2020

J Appl Pharm Sci

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“…The stronger the charge of the particles, the greater their colloidal stability. When the values of the zeta potential are higher than +30 mV or lower than −30 mV, such a suspension shows a good stability, i.e., the particles do not form agglomerates [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe3O4@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation

et al. 2021

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Many investigations are currently being performed to develop the effective synthesis methodology of magnetic nanoparticles with appropriately functionalized surfaces. Here, the novelty of the presented work involves the preparation of nano-sized PEGylated Fe3O4@Ag particles, i.e., the main purpose was the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles with a functionalized surface. Firstly, Fe3O4 particles were prepared via the Massart process. Next, Ag+ reduction was conducted in the presence of Fe3O4 particles to form a nanosilver coating. The reaction was performed with arabic gum as a stabilizing agent. Sound energy-using sonication was applied to disintegrate the particles’ agglomerates. Next, the PEGylation process aimed at the formation of a coating on the particles’ surface using PEG (poly(ethylene glycol)) has been performed. It was proved that the arabic gum limited the agglomeration of nanoparticles, which was probably caused by the steric effect caused by the branched compounds from the stabilizer that adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles. This effect was also enhanced by the electrostatic repulsions. The process of sonication caused the disintegration of aggregates. Formation of iron (II, III) oxide with a cubic structure was proved by diffraction peaks. Formation of a nanosilver coating on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was confirmed by diffraction peaks with 2θ values 38.15° and 44.35°. PEG coating on the particles’ surface was proven via FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis. Obtained PEG–nanosilver-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles may find applications as carriers for targeted drug delivery using an external magnetic field.

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“…The difference in particle size is due to differences in the analytical methods used. DLS measures the hydrodynamic size of the particles by light scattering from the laser beam that passes through the solution [ 63 ]. Hydrodynamic size is usually larger than physical diameter due to the inclusion of hydration; the size is also influenced by the interactions of the particle with the medium [ 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes Loaded with Unsaponifiable Matter from Amaranthus hypochondriacus as a Source of Squalene and Carrying Soybean Lunasin Inhibited Melanoma Cells

et al. 2021

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Amaranthus hypochondriacus is a source of molecules with reported health benefits such as antioxidant activity and cancer prevention. The objective of this research was to optimize the conditions for preparing a liposome formulation using amaranth unsaponifiable matter as a source of squalene in order to minimize the particle size and to maximize the encapsulation efficiency of liposomes for carrying and delivering soybean lunasin into melanoma cell lines. Amaranth oil was extracted using supercritical dioxide carbon extraction (55.2 MPa pressure, 80 °C temperature, solvent (CO2)-to-feed (oil) ratio of 20). The extracted oil from amaranth was used to obtain the unsaponifiable enriched content of squalene, which was incorporated into liposomes. A Box–Behnken response surface methodology design was used to optimize the liposome formulation containing the unsaponifiable matter, once liposomes were optimized. Soybean lunasin was loaded into the liposomes and tested on A-375 and B16-F10 melanoma cells. The squalene concentration in the extracted oil was 36.64 ± 0.64 g/ 100 g of oil. The particle size in liposomes was between 115.8 and 163.1 nm; the squalene encapsulation efficiency ranged from 33.14% to 76.08%. The optimized liposome formulation contained 15.27 mg of phospholipids and 1.1 mg of unsaponifiable matter. Cell viability was affected by the liposome formulation with a half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) equivalent to 225 μM in B16-F10 and 215 μM in A-375. The liposomes formulated with lunasin achieved 82.14 ± 3.34% lunasin encapsulation efficiency and improved efficacy by decreasing lunasin IC50 by 31.81% in B16-F10 and by 41.89% in A-375 compared with unencapsulated lunasin.

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Importance of Physicochemical Characterization of Nanoparticles in Pharmaceutical Product Development

Cited by 185 publications

References 66 publications

Physicochemical characterization of astaxanthin-loaded PLGA formulation via nanoprecipitation technique

Physicochemical characterization of astaxanthin-loaded PLGA formulation via nanoprecipitation technique

The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe3O4@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation

Liposomes Loaded with Unsaponifiable Matter from Amaranthus hypochondriacus as a Source of Squalene and Carrying Soybean Lunasin Inhibited Melanoma Cells

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