Importance of Ionized Magnesium Measurements in Physiology and Medicine and the Need for Ion-selective Electrodes

Bm, Altura

doi:10.16966/2471-4925.111

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Magnesium has been recognized as a relevant electrolyte for the physiology and homeostasis of the human body [ 12 ]; however, still today, its implications in the daily medical practice has not received its due recognition compared to other electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium [ 4 ]. Additionally, the biologically active form of Mg (ionized or free Mg) could be a better estimate of magnesium imbalances given its independence from any variations in serum-binding protein and anion complexing levels [ 2 , 42 , 43 ]. However, it is not routinely measured either in clinical or research settings, mainly due to the higher costs of ion-selective electrodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Ionized Magnesium Offer a Different Perspective Exploring the Association between Magnesemia and Targeted Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

Gagliano

Schäffeler

Giorno

et al. 2022

JCM

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Evidence of the association of magnesium (Mg) with arterial stiffness has so far been conflicting. The interplay between hypertension and elevated body mass index (BMI), with hypomagnesemia, instead, has been described in the literature in a more consistent way. Our study aims at revisiting the correlations between blood Mg levels and hemodynamic and body composition parameters in the general population, exploring the sensitivity profile of ionized Mg (Ion-Mg) compared to total Mg (Tot-Mg). We collected data from 755 subjects randomly chosen from a Swiss population previously described and stratified our sample into four equivalent classes according to ionized (whole blood) and total (serum) magnesium. After correcting for age, statistically significant differences emerged between: (i) Tot-Mg ≤ 0.70 and 0.81 ≤ Tot-Mg ≤ 0.90 for cf-PWV (p = 0.039); (ii) Tot-Mg ≤ 0.70 and Tot-Mg ≥ 0.91 for o-PWV (p = 0.046). We also found a statistically significant difference among groups of Ion-Mg values for the 24 h extremes of systolic blood pressure (p = 0.048) and among groups of Tot-Mg for BMI (p = 0.050). Females showed significantly lower levels of total magnesium (p = 0.035) and ionized magnesium (p < 0.001) than males. The overall agreement between magnesium analysis methods was 64% (95%CI: 60.8–67.7%). Our results confirm that Ion-Mg compared with Tot-Mg offers a different profile in detecting both correlations with hemodynamic and body composition parameters and dysmagnesemias. Lower levels of magnesium were associated with worse arterial aging parameters, larger 24 h blood pressure excursions, and higher BMI. Ion-Mg was superior in detecting the correlation with blood pressure only. Considering Ion-Mg as a more specific marker of the magnesium status, and the partially contradictory results of our explorative cross-sectional study, to avoid confounding factors and misinterpretations, ionized magnesium should be used as reference in future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Ionized Magnesium Offer a Different Perspective Exploring the Association between Magnesemia and Targeted Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

Gagliano

Schäffeler

Giorno

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Mg that exceeds even 70% of the total circulating magnesium. However, the evidenced-based data are still deficient in obtaining unanimous consent [60]. Ionized magnesium refers to free magnesium ions, and their detection requires laboratory techniques other than those for the total Mg.…”

Section: Ionized Vs Total Magnesium Levels In the Perioperative Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionized or Total Magnesium Levels, What Should We Measure?

Scarpati¹,

Baldassarre²,

Oliva³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Monitoring and measuring magnesium (Mg) values are essential to prevent the development of numerous complications in perioperative medicine and critically ill patients. Although previous studies suggest that measuring free ionized magnesium (iMg) is more useful for estimating Mg status, clinicians currently rely on measurement of total serum magnesium to determine if supplemental magnesium is needed. In this review, we analyzed the recent literature to decide whether it is better to measure ionized serum Mg or total serum Mg when assessing magnesium status, whether iMg predicts clinical outcome, and what are the difficulties in measuring serum iMg levels in intensive care patients and perioperative medicine.

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The Impact of Chronic Magnesium Deficiency on Excitable Tissues—Translational Aspects

Stanojević,

Djuricic,

Parezanovic

et al. 2024

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Importance of Ionized Magnesium Measurements in Physiology and Medicine and the Need for Ion-selective Electrodes

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Does Ionized Magnesium Offer a Different Perspective Exploring the Association between Magnesemia and Targeted Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

Does Ionized Magnesium Offer a Different Perspective Exploring the Association between Magnesemia and Targeted Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

Ionized or Total Magnesium Levels, What Should We Measure?

The Impact of Chronic Magnesium Deficiency on Excitable Tissues—Translational Aspects

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