Importance of Intermittent Fasting Regimens and Selection of Adequate Therapy on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Ezzati, Armin; Rosenkranz, Sara K.; Horne, Benjamin D.

doi:10.3390/nu14204299

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Overweight is a biological burden for the body, consuming additional immunological, antitoxic, and trophic functions and excretions 98 . The restricted diet (ANADETO) is considered to facilitate lipid metabolism and reduce fat mass, which could lead to suppression of inflammation 64 , 99 and the enhancement of the immune response 100 , 101 , as well as the improvement of glucose/lipid metabolism and liver functions 35 , 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial

Oshakbayev,

Durmanova,

Zhankalova

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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COVID-19 comorbid with noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) complicates the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and increases the mortality rate. The aim is to evaluate the effects of a restricted diet on clinical/laboratory inflammation and metabolic profile, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and body composition in patients with COVID-19 comorbid with NCDs. We conducted a 6-week open, pilot prospective controlled clinical trial. The study included 70 adult patients with COVID-19 comorbid with type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Interventions: a restricted diet including calorie restriction, hot water drinking, walking, and sexual self-restraint. Primary endpoints: COVID-19 diagnosis by detecting SARS-CoV-2 genome by RT-PCR; weight loss in Main group; body temperature; C-reactive protein. Secondary endpoints: the number of white blood cells; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; adverse effects during treatment; fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP); blood lipids; ALT/AST, chest CT-scan. In Main group, patients with overweight lost weight from baseline (− 12.4%; P < 0.0001); 2.9% in Main group and 7.2% in Controls were positive for COVID-19 (RR: 0.41, CI: 0.04–4.31; P = 0.22) on the 14th day of treatment. Body temperature and C-reactive protein decreased significantly in Main group compared to Controls on day 14th of treatment (P < 0.025). Systolic/diastolic BP normalized (P < 0.025), glucose/lipids metabolism (P < 0.025); ALT/AST normalized (P < 0.025), platelets increased from baseline (P < 0.025), chest CT (P < 0.025) in Main group at 14 day of treatment. The previous antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and other symptomatic medications were adequately decreased to completely stop during the weight loss treatment. Thus, the fast weight loss treatment may be beneficial for the COVID-19 patients with comorbid T2D, hypertension, and NASH over traditional medical treatment because, it improved clinical and laboratory/instrumental data on inflammation; glucose/lipid metabolism, systolic/diastolic BPs, and NASH biochemical outcomes, reactive oxygen species; and allowed patients to stop taking medications.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05635539 (02/12/2022): https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05635539?term=NCT05635539&draw=2&rank=1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial

Oshakbayev,

Durmanova,

Zhankalova

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Synchronization of peripheral clocks is essential for coordinated physiology. Disruptions in circadian rhythms can lead to disturbances in metabolism, resulting in various adverse consequences, from irritability and fatigue to chronic diseases like obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation [10,12,43,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

Section: The Circadian Regulation Of Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis—Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health

Drăgoi,

Nicolae,

Ungurianu

et al. 2024

Cells

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A multitude of physiological processes, human behavioral patterns, and social interactions are intricately governed by the complex interplay between external circumstances and endogenous circadian rhythms. This multidimensional regulatory framework is susceptible to disruptions, and in contemporary society, there is a prevalent occurrence of misalignments between the circadian system and environmental cues, a phenomenon frequently associated with adverse health consequences. The onset of most prevalent current chronic diseases is intimately connected with alterations in human lifestyle practices under various facets, including the following: reduced physical activity, the exposure to artificial light, also acknowledged as light pollution, sedentary behavior coupled with consuming energy-dense nutriments, irregular eating frameworks, disruptions in sleep patterns (inadequate quality and duration), engagement in shift work, and the phenomenon known as social jetlag. The rapid evolution of contemporary life and domestic routines has significantly outpaced the rate of genetic adaptation. Consequently, the underlying circadian rhythms are exposed to multiple shifts, thereby elevating the susceptibility to disease predisposition. This comprehensive review endeavors to synthesize existing empirical evidence that substantiates the conceptual integration of the circadian clock, biochemical molecular homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the stimuli imparted by physical exercise, sleep, and nutrition.

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“…Of the various types of IF approaches, time-restricted eating (TRE), i.e., the pattern of extending the daily fasting period and thereby reducing the daily eating period, has gained popularity over the last few years [14]. Findings from our past reviews [13,[15][16][17] have suggested that TRE is a viable dietary approach to improve body composition [13,15], some metabolic parameters [15], proinflammatory markers [16,17], and oxidative stress markers [16,17], which are known risk factors for several chronic diseases including diabetes, CVD, Alzheimer's disease [16], and some cancers [17]. Furthermore, promising results from short-term and relatively small clinical trials have indicated that TRE improves fat oxidation [18], insulin sensitivity, and blood pressure, even in the absence of weight loss [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does time‐restricted eating add benefits to calorie restriction? A systematic review

Ezzati,

McLaren,

Bohlman

et al. 2024

Obesity

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ObjectiveA growing body of evidence has supported the health benefits of extended daily fasting, known as time‐restricted eating (TRE); however, whether the addition of TRE enhances the known benefits of calorie restriction (CR) remains unclear.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched through April 2023. This systematic review includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared CR + TRE with CR alone in energy‐matched conditions of at least 8 weeks in duration that assessed changes in body weight and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adults with overweight and/or obesity.ResultsSeven studies were identified (n = 579). Two studies reported greater weight loss and reductions in diastolic blood pressure with CR + TRE compared with CR alone after 8 to 14 weeks, whereas one study reported greater improvements in triglycerides and glucose tolerance with CR + TRE (3 d/wk) compared with CR alone following 26 weeks. One study reported significant increases in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR) levels with CR + TRE versus CR alone after 8 weeks. There were no statistically significant differences in any other outcome variable between the two interventions.ConclusionsThe addition of TRE to CR regimens resulted in greater weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors in some studies; however, the majority of studies did not find additional benefits.

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Importance of Intermittent Fasting Regimens and Selection of Adequate Therapy on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial

Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial

Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis—Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health

Does time‐restricted eating add benefits to calorie restriction? A systematic review

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