Aim: Inflammatory mechanisms play a key role in the pathogenesis of back pain related to disc hernia. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) are novel and promising inflammatory markers in routine hemogram tests. In this study, we aimed to compare the MPV and RDW values of patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) to those of healthy subjects and symptomatic patients suffering from sciatica without radiological evidence of lumbar disc herniation. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out in the Neurosurgery Department of the Abant Izzet Baysal University Education and Research Hospital. Three groups as the controls (n=57) and LDH (n=73) and sciatica (n=20) groups were designed. Hemogram parameters including white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Htc), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), RDW, platelet count (PLT) and MPV were evaluated for each group. Results: The mean MPVs of the LDH, sciatica, and control groups were 9.3±1.8 fL, 8.2±1.1 fL, and 8.4±1.0 fL, respectively. The mean MPV was significantly higher for the LDH group, compared to the sciatica and control groups (p=0.001). The mean RDWs of the LDH, sciatica, and control groups were 14.8±1.8, 13.8±1.0, and 13.7±1.2, respectively. The mean RDW was also significantly higher for the LDH group in comparison to the sciatica and control groups (p=0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: We think that elevated MPV and RDW values might be strong indicators of LDH in patients with sciatica and that such patients should be prioritized for imaging studies. However, further prospective studies are needed to support our results.