Importance of conformance control in reinforcing synergy of CO2 EOR and sequestration

Zhao, Yang; Rui, Zhenhua; Zhang, Zheng; Chen, Siwei; Yang, Renfeng; Du, Kai; Dindoruk, Birol; Yang, Tao; Stenby, Erling Halfdan; Wilson, Malcolm A.

doi:10.1016/j.petsci.2022.09.036

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…18,19 In contrast, CO 2 flooding can reduce oil viscosity, reduce interfacial tension, swell oil, and extract lighter hydrocarbon components, which can achieve significant oil recovery. 11,20 Since the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of carbon emissions has become increasingly serious. On this account, CCUS-EOR technology entered a rapid development stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dependence of the world on energy keeps increasing continuously. − The significant emissions of greenhouse gases had a profound impact on climate change. , As the main source of emissions, the oil and gas industry should bear the brunt. , Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is an indispensable negative-carbon means to significantly cut down the CO 2 emissions. ,, The CO 2 -based enhanced oil recovery (CCUS-EOR) technology utilizes CO 2 as a flooding agent to improve oil recovery while achieving the goal of CO 2 storage. , It is an economically attractive way to reduce emissions under current economic and technological conditions. − Therefore, to achieve maximum recovery while safely storing CO 2 , it is necessary to optimize both the oil recovery and CO 2 storage efficiency. , However, as development progresses, the reservoir becomes more and more complex, there is blindness in optimization work. , With the development process of oil fields, different wells or well patterns in the same block (e.g., the case in HX block in Changqing) exhibit quite different behaviors in water cut, gas breakthrough time, oil production rate, CO 2 storage efficiency, etc. Consequently, zoning control of different blocks in oil fields is a key strategy for achieving megaton-scale CCUS-EOR projects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to poor reservoir conditions in ultralow permeability reservoirs, water flooding faces challenges such as poor injectivity, low oil production rate, and low recovery efficiency in oilfield development. , In contrast, CO 2 flooding can reduce oil viscosity, reduce interfacial tension, swell oil, and extract lighter hydrocarbon components, which can achieve significant oil recovery. , Since the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of carbon emissions has become increasingly serious. On this account, CCUS-EOR technology entered a rapid development stage. , Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the CCUS-EOR was influenced by multiple factors, including the geological conditions of the oilfield and the CO 2 injection methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Zhao,

Wen,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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After water flooding development in ultralow permeability reservoirs, connected water channels formed under high injection pressure will reduce the effectiveness of oil recovery and CO 2 storage. Based on the geological characteristics of the megaton-scale carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) project implemented in Changqing Oilfield, we propose an innovative method for characterizing breakthroughs based on the correlation between water and gas breakthrough. We also implement zoning control optimization to achieve the goal of significantly improving oil recovery and CO 2 storage efficiency. Taking the HX block after water flooding development as an example, the production performance of the single well is first analyzed. The well groups with significant differences in average water cut are classified as Class I and Class II. Then, precise breakthrough characterization is completed based on the distribution of water saturation and flow rate multiple. We evaluated the feasibility and development effectiveness of the large PV (pore volume) CO 2 flooding technology through well pattern adjustment, injection−production parameter optimization based on designed exploration and controlled evolution, parameter sensitivity analysis, and miscibility differences among different levels of well groups. According to statistics, over 60% of the well groups have entered the stage of medium-high water cut. After zoning optimization, the oil recovery of the two well groups under large PV CO 2 flooding can increase by more than 25%, and the total storage amount of CO 2 in the whole region is predicted to reach 3 million tons. It is found that high pressure CO 2 injection under a linear infill pattern is more suitable for weak breakthrough well groups and can greatly improve the oil recovery and CO 2 storage efficiency. The injection intensity should be reduced to ensure the effective utilization of CO 2 for strong breakthrough groups. Sensitivity analysis shows that the gas−water slug ratio is the key factor affecting the CO 2 storage effect, so accurate real-time control is needed in the development process. In addition, when water alternating injection is not sufficient to effectively control the CO 2 breakthrough, gas− water gradient slug injection and gel plugging may be a better approach. These results are beneficial for large-scale CCUS engineering applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Zhao,

Wen,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

Self Cite

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“…When implementing a CCUS project, it is essential to focus on improving the recovery efficiency of low-permeability reservoirs and ensuring that CO 2 is permanently buried in the reservoir. − Two conditions must be met to achieve effective and stable underground CO 2 storage. − First, adequate storage space for CO 2 is needed, which mainly depends on the vertical and horizontal continuity of the reservoir, the pore space, and the combination relationship with the cap rock. Second, the safety of the storage of CO 2 is needed for public safety and perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Factors Affecting CO₂ Geological Storage and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Extra-Low Permeability

Liu,

Shen,

Yue

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Carbon neutrality has become the long-term development strategy of many countries worldwide, and the widespread implementation of CCUS (carbon capture, utilization, and storage) is critical for achieving this goal. Ultralow permeability reservoirs have good storage and shielding properties, making them ideal for CO2 geological storage. CO2 into these reservoirs has the dual purpose of improving crude oil recovery and protecting the environment. However, the physical properties of ultralow permeability reservoirs are poor. Furthermore, the distribution of fractures is often complex. The mechanism and influencing factors of the CO2 storage are still unclear. Here, the CO2 storage in ultralow permeability reservoirs is analyzed through core displacement experiments and numerical simulation. The main influencing factors of cumulative oil production and CO2 storage capacity were calculated through gray correlation theory, including CO2 injection rate, permeability, porosity, the solubility of CO2 in water, and the bottom hole flow pressure of production wells. The research results show that the geological storage of CO2 in ultralow permeability reservoirs mainly consists of structural trapping and dissolution into the residual fluids; in the short term, mineralization is relatively small and can be ignored. Within the 15 years predicted by numerical simulation, the injected CO2 into the Y28–102 well group in the Huang3 district was structurally trapped, with a total capacity of 6.59 × 104t. The burial ratio was 63.4%, of which structural burial accounted for 82%, oil dissolution accounted for 9%, water dissolution accounted for 8%, and mineral burial accounted for approximately 1%. The research results reference CO2 flooding and geological storage in ultralow permeability reservoirs.

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“…The injected CO 2 can be sequestered in geological structures mainly by structural trapping, dissolution trapping, residual gas trapping, and mineral trapping. In coalbed and shale formations, the adsorption trapping mechanism will also take effect [4][5][6]. Among these CO 2 trapping mechanisms, structural trapping is the most important, which dominates in the injection and the long-term storage process, but it heavily depends on the sealing properties of caprock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on CO2 Geochemical Reaction Characteristics in Marine Weakly Consolidated Sandstone Saline Aquifers

Xie,

Tu,

Sun

et al. 2023

Processes

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Geological storage is one of the most important measures to reduce carbon emissions. The newly developed oilfield A in the Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea is associated with a large amount of CO2 with a purity of up to 95%. Two weakly consolidated sandstone saline aquifers located above the oil reservoir can be used for CO2 storage, but the CO2 geochemical reaction characteristics in the aquifers should be investigated clearly, which may cause significant damage to the physical properties of the reservoirs and caprocks of the aquifers. In this paper, static CO2 geochemical reaction experiments and rock thin section identifications were carried out using drill cuttings and sidewall cores, respectively. A numerical simulation was conducted according to the reactor conditions to explore the equilibrium state of the CO2 geochemical reaction. Through these studies, the characteristics of the geochemical reaction, its impact on the physical properties of the formation, and the CO2 storage potential by mineral trapping in the target aquifers were revealed. The results show that the two saline aquifers have similar physical properties. The reservoirs are mostly made up of fine-to-medium-grained sandstones as quartz arenite with a considerable amount of feldspar, which can provide favorable pore space for CO2 storage, while the caprocks are fine-grained felsic sedimentary rocks that can have a good sealing effect. However, both the reservoirs and caprocks contain a certain amount of carbonate and clay minerals. Mineral dissolution dominates in the CO2 geochemical reaction process, and more Ca2+ and Mg2+ is released into the formation water. The theoretical maximum CO2 mineral trapping capacity in the aquifers is 0.023–0.0538 mol/100 g rock, but due to the dynamic equilibrium of the geochemical reaction, the amount of mineralized CO2 in most of the rock samples is negative, and the average utilization factor is only −55.43%. As a result, the contribution of mineral trapping to the CO2 storage capacity takes −0.32%, which can be ignored. In the future, it is necessary to conduct detailed research to reveal the effect of a CO2 geochemical reaction on storage safety, especially in offshore weakly consolidated sandstone saline aquifers, which could be important sites for large-scale CO2 storage in China.

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Importance of conformance control in reinforcing synergy of CO2 EOR and sequestration

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Factors Affecting CO₂ Geological Storage and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Extra-Low Permeability

Experimental Study on CO2 Geochemical Reaction Characteristics in Marine Weakly Consolidated Sandstone Saline Aquifers

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Importance of conformance control in reinforcing synergy of CO2 EOR and sequestration

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO2 Flooding

Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO2 Flooding

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Factors Affecting CO2 Geological Storage and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Extra-Low Permeability

Experimental Study on CO2 Geochemical Reaction Characteristics in Marine Weakly Consolidated Sandstone Saline Aquifers

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Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Innovative Zoning Control Techniques for Optimizing a Megaton-Scale CCUS-EOR Project with Large-Pore-Volume CO₂ Flooding

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Factors Affecting CO₂ Geological Storage and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Extra-Low Permeability