Importance of average litter weight and individual birth weight for early postnatal performance and myofiber characteristics of progeny

Pardo, Camilo; Müller, Sérgio Swain; Bérard, Joël; Kreuzer, Michael; Bee, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2013.06.015

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Organ weights of offspring were within the normal range of newborn piglets [18, 32]. The tendency for an increased absolute STM weight in offspring from ARG sows suggests that, independent of IUC, l -arginine supplementation promotes muscle development of offspring, an observation that has to the best of the authors’ knowledge not been shown in previous studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The greater BtW and weight of STM and PM of offspring from OL sows compared with IN sows were foreseen as it has been reviewed extensively that there is a high correlation between large litter size and extent of crowding as well as greater within-litter variation of BtW and greater number of low BtW offspring [ 2 , 30 , 31 ]. Organ weights of offspring were within the normal range of newborn piglets [ 18 , 32 ]. The tendency for an increased absolute STM weight in offspring from ARG sows suggests that, independent of IUC, l -arginine supplementation promotes muscle development of offspring, an observation that has to the best of the authors’ knowledge not been shown in previous studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of dietary l-arginine supply during early gestation on myofiber development in newborn pigs exposed to intra-uterine crowding

Madsen

Pardo

Kreuzer

et al. 2017

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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BackgroundIntra-uterine crowding (IUC) observed in hyperprolific sows impairs myofiber hyperplasia and overall fetal growth. Arginine supplementation (ARG) in gestation diets has been shown to positively affect litter and muscle development. The study objective was to assess whether the effect of ARG on offspring characteristics, with special emphasis on myofiber hyperplasia, differs under IUC conditions from these responses, because in that situation growth retardation is particularly prevalent due to reduced fetal nutrient supply. Unilateral oviduct ligation (OL) was used as a model for an uncrowded and hyperprolificacy (IN) as a model for a crowded intra-uterine environment.MethodsFive OL and five IN sows were fed a diet supplemented daily with either 43 g l-alanine (Ctrl) or 25 g l-arginine from d 14 to 28 of gestation in a cross-over design (two periods: 5th and 6th parity). At farrowing, two male and two female offspring, respectively, with a low and intermediate birth weight (BtW) were selected. After euthanization, the Semitendinosus muscle (STM) was removed and weighed, and the light and dark portions (STMd and STMl) were prepared for myofiber histochemistry using ATPase staining and the entire STM for gene expression analysis of myogenesis-related genes using RT-qPCR. In addition, various organs were removed and weighed. Data were analyzed using the MIXED model in SYSTAT.ResultsNo effect of either IUC or dietary treatment was found in litter characteristics. Offspring of ARG sows displayed a greater muscle area in STM (P < 0.01) as a result of the greater myofiber hyperplasia (P < 0.01). The increase was more distinct in the STMl (P < 0.05) than in the STMd (P = 0.131). Offspring of OL sows were heavier at birth (P < 0.01), had a heavier STM (P < 0.05), liver (P < 0.01) and kidney (P < 0.05), but when expressed relative to birth weight, these differences were absent. In addition, IUC had an effect (P < 0.05) on the expression of one of the myogenesis-related genes investigated.ConclusionsIndependent from the extent of IUC, ARG improved BtW, muscle and organ weights and myofiber hyperplasia in offspring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of dietary l-arginine supply during early gestation on myofiber development in newborn pigs exposed to intra-uterine crowding

Madsen

Pardo

Kreuzer

et al. 2017

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…The authors found out that piglets with lower birth weight reach lower live weight at the time of weaning, 5 and 7 days after weaning and their fattening up to slaughter weight lasts longer. Pardo et al (2011) state that piglets with birth weight higher by 0.5 kg had weaning weight higher by 1.4 kg and slaughter weight by 12.2 kg on average. Rehfeldt et al (2008) say that growth intensity of piglets increases with higher birth weight of piglets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For breeders, the traits with substantial economical importance are number of piglets per litter, their weight and viability. If sows give large litters of piglets with higher birth weight and good viability, the losses of piglets decrase and due to faster growth the time necessary for fattening is shortened and profitability increases (Fix et al, 2010;Pardo et al, 2011). Beaulieu et al (2010) studied the effect of birth weight of piglets on their growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Birth Weight of Piglets on Their Growth Ability, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality

Nevrkla¹,

Václavková²,

Hadaš³

et al. 2017

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of birth weight on growth performance and carcass quality. Data were collected from 80 crossbred piglets. Individual body weight was measured at birth, at the age of 21, 28 and 38 days, 4 weeks before slaughter, 2 weeks before slaughter and one day before slaughter. Average daily weight gains in separate intervals were calculated. Fattening period was finished at the same day for all pigs. Lean meat percentage and pH1 value were measured after slaughter, drip loss and intramuscular fat content were analysed in laboratory. Data were divided into 4 groups according to the birth weight of piglets (I: less than 1000 g, II: 1001 – 1200 g, III: 1201 – 1500 g, IV: 1501 g and more). Increased birth weight resulted in increased daily weight gain from birth to weaning (28 days), after weaning and also from birth to slaughter (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01). The high daily weight gain in group IV enabled pigs to reach the slaughter weight one month earlier than pigs from group II. The lowest lean meat content (52.74 ± 2.82 %) was found in group IV. This is connected with high slaughter weight (132.50 ± 7.27 kg). Intramuscular fat content, pH1 value and drip loss were not affected by birth weight of piglets.

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“…That observation was unexpected; however, this weight class is not a concern for the swine industry. Piglets weighing more than 1,600 are not considered low‐weight piglets and therefore generally do not suffer impairment on growing performance, as observed in low‐birthweight piglets (Pardo, Müller, Bérard, Kreuzer, & Bee, ). Lanferdini et al, () reported that piglets born weighing over 1,500 g do not have their performance influenced until marketed and do not have the physiological limitations and low efficiency observed in low‐birthweight piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L‐arginine supplementation during the final third of gestation improves litter uniformity and physical characteristics of neonatal piglet thermoregulation

Moreira

Mendes

Palencia

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The study assessed the effects of dietary L‐arginine supplementation from days 85 to 115 of gestation on sow performance, litter quality, piglet physiology and survival variables in the first 24 hr of life. Twenty multiparous sows, with a history of hyperprolificacy (more than 14 piglets per litter), were used. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of two treatments: feed supplemented or not with 1% L‐arginine from days 85 to 115 of gestation. The experimental unit consisted of the sow and its respective litter, using 10 replicates per treatment. The sows were distributed into the treatments based on body condition and parity. Supplementation with L‐arginine reduced the within‐litter standard deviation and the within‐litter coefficient of variation of piglet weight at 24 hr by 54 g and 4.14 percentage points respectively (p = .029; p = .035). Supplementation with 1.0% L‐arginine decreased the percentages of piglets weighing less than 800 g by 5.60 and 5.08 points at birth and at 24 hr of life respectively. Piglets from sows supplemented with L‐arginine had higher (p = .088) average rectal temperatures at birth and lower (p = .030) rectal temperature at 24 hr of life in comparison with control piglets. No significant differences in placental weight or estimated colostrum production and intake were observed in the first 24 hr of life. At 24 hr of life, piglets weighing less than 1,000 g and from supplemented sows had lower (p = .048) surface/mass ratios and higher body mass index (p = .070). Piglets from supplemented sows and who weighed 1601 to 1,800 g had lower body mass index and ponderal index (p = .002; p = .003). Supplementation with L‐arginine during the final third of gestation reduces the incidence of unviable piglets (<800 g) and improved litter uniformity and piglets’ body conformation within the first 24 hr of life.

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Importance of average litter weight and individual birth weight for early postnatal performance and myofiber characteristics of progeny

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of dietary l-arginine supply during early gestation on myofiber development in newborn pigs exposed to intra-uterine crowding

Impact of dietary l-arginine supply during early gestation on myofiber development in newborn pigs exposed to intra-uterine crowding

Effect of Birth Weight of Piglets on Their Growth Ability, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality

L‐arginine supplementation during the final third of gestation improves litter uniformity and physical characteristics of neonatal piglet thermoregulation

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