Importance and Applications of Ultrasonic Technology to Improve Food Quality

Mohammed, Maged; Alhajhoj, Mohammed Refdan

doi:10.5772/intechopen.88523

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…They mentioned that the microbial loads of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts fall within the acceptable limits according to the GSO technical regulation for completely prepackaged dates and Saudi standards, while the load of coliforms (1.2 × 10 2 cfu g −1 ) had an unacceptable level. Recently, many technologies have been investigated to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms to avoid the spoilage of stored products at low temperatures, such as high pressures, pulsed electric field (PEF), ultrasonic, edible coatings, and modified atmosphere packaging [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 56 , 57 ]. One of these technologies could be applied before storing date palm fruits.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a few options for the management of stored product insect pests and microorganisms such as cooling, ultrasonic and pulsed electric field applications, fumigation, and heat treatments after harvesting. Among these options, the use of cooling and cold storage remains of high potential [ 7 , 11 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The droplet size produced by the ultrasonic humidifier depends on the frequency of the applied ultrasonic transducer. Therefore, it is easy to generate droplets in the micron size range using driving frequencies in the range of 2500 to 2600 kHz [ 15 , 28 ]. When the vibrating amplitude of the transducer surface is increased to the level of collapse and instability of the free liquid surface above it, the droplets will be ejected away from the water surface into a mist form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Humidifier to Control Humidity in a Cold Storage Room for Postharvest Quality Management of Dates

Mohammed

Alqahtani

El-Shafie

2021

Foods

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Dates are subjected to postharvest losses in quality and quantity caused by water loss, fermentation, insect infestation, and microbial spoilage during storage. Cold storage is the main element in the postharvest quality management used for fruit preservation. Although cold storage is used for dates, precision control of the relative humidity (RH) using ultrasonic applications is not used thus far, or it is applied to other fruits on a small scale. Therefore, we designed and constructed an ultrasonic humidifier (DUH) for RH control in the cold storage room (CSR) of dates. The optimum air velocity of 3 m s−1 at the outlets of the DUH ducts produced a mist amount of 6.8 kg h-1 with an average droplet diameter of 4.26 ± 1.43 µm at the applied voltage of 48 V and frequency of 2600 kHz of the transducers. The experimental validation was carried out by comparing a CSR controlled with the DUH with two conventional CSRs. The three tested CSRs were similar in dimensions, cooling system, and amount of stored dates. The time required for cooling 800 kg of dates in the controlled CSR from 25 °C to the target temperature of 5 °C was approximately 48 h. The DUH precisely controlled the RH at the maximum RH set point of 80% in the tested CSR at 5 °C. The controlled RH at 80% has a positive impact on the physicochemical characteristics of the stored dates. It significantly reduced the weight loss of the fruits and preserved fruit mass, moisture content, water activity, firmness, and color parameters. However, no significant effect was observed on fruit dimensions, sphericity, and aspect ratio. The microbial loads of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts fell within the acceptable limits in all tested CSRs. Both stored date fruits and artificially infested dates showed no signs of insect activity in the controlled CSR at the temperature of 5 °C and RH of 80%. The DUH proved to be a promising technology for postharvest quality management for dates during cold storage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Humidifier to Control Humidity in a Cold Storage Room for Postharvest Quality Management of Dates

Mohammed

Alqahtani

El-Shafie

2021

Foods

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“…The heating unit has consisted of an electrical DC fan and a nickel-chrome heat coil with a maximum power of 500 W. To adjust the RH inside the treatment chamber, we used an ultrasonic humidifier (model: HM3000-B5, Black & Decker, Suzhou, China). The ultrasonic humidifier is developed based on the methods described by the authors in [31][32][33][34] for adjusting RH in the systems. The image of six automated artificial ripening systems is shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Construction Of the Artificial Ripening Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Effects of Precision-Controlled Temperature and Relative Humidity on Artificial Ripening and Quality of Date Fruit

Mohammed

Sallam

Alqahtani

et al. 2021

Foods

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Due to climatic variation, in-situ date palm fruit ripening is significantly delayed, and some fruits (Biser) cannot become ripe naturally on the tree. Because of that issue, the vast quantity of produce is mere wasted. Few traditional methods are adopted to ripe these unripe fruits through open sun drying or solar tunnel dehydration techniques. However, these methods have minimal use due to ambient temperature and relative humidity (RH) instability. Therefore, the present study was designed to find a precise combination of temperature and RH to artificially ripe the unripe Biser fruits under controlled environment chambers. For that purpose, eighteen automated artificial ripening systems were developed. The Biser fruits (cv. Khalas) were placed immediately after harvesting in the treatment chambers of the systems with three set-point temperatures (45, 50, and 55 °C) and six set-point RH (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55%) until ripening. The optimal treatment combination for artificial ripening of Biser fruits was 50 °C and 50% RH. This combination provided good fruit size, color, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, and sugars content. As a result, there was a reduction in fruit weight loss and had optimum fruit ripening time. On the other hand, low temperature and RH delayed the ripening process, deteriorated fruit quality, and caused more weight loss. Although the combination of the highest temperature and RH (55 °C and 55%) reduced ripening time, the fruits have higher weight loss and negative quality. Therefore, the artificial ripening of unripe date palm Biser fruits can be achieved using 50 °C temperature and 50% RH combination. These findings can be applied in the field using solar energy systems on a commercial scale to reduce the postharvest loss of date palm fruits.

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“…The signal of acoustic occurs in the field from several sources such as the insect movements and chewing during its feeding, the turbulence of air and gases, flowing of fluids, the impact of solid, and plant movements due to the air. The acoustic waves are a natural phenomenon; it may include just individual frequency as a pure steady-state sine wave (Figure 4) or contain multiple frequencies, such as the noise generated by several sound sources [30]. An acoustic sensor is an electronic tool that produces an output signal in response to a specific sound input.…”

Section: Acoustic Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in the Early Detection of the Invasive Red Palm Weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier)

Mohammed¹,

El-Shafie²,

Alhajhoj³

2020

Invasive Species - Introduction Pathways, Economic Impact, and Possible Management Options

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Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), is one of the most invasive pest species that poses a serious threat to date palm and coconut palm cultivation as well as the ornamental Canary Island palm. RPW causes massive economic losses in the date palm production sector worldwide. The most important challenge of RPW detection in the early stages of an infestation is the presence of a few externally visible signs. Infested palm shows visible signs when the infestation is more advanced; in this case, the rescuing of infested palms is more complicated. Early detection is a useful tool to eradicate and control RPW successfully. Until now, the early detection techniques of RPW rely mainly on visual inspection and pheromone trapping. Several methods to detect RPW infestation have recently emerged. These include remote sensing, highly sensitive microphones, thermal sensors, drones, acoustic sensors, and sniffer dogs. The main objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of the modern methods for early detection of the RPW and discuss the most important RPW detection technologies that are field applicable.

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Importance and Applications of Ultrasonic Technology to Improve Food Quality

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Humidifier to Control Humidity in a Cold Storage Room for Postharvest Quality Management of Dates

Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Humidifier to Control Humidity in a Cold Storage Room for Postharvest Quality Management of Dates

The Combined Effects of Precision-Controlled Temperature and Relative Humidity on Artificial Ripening and Quality of Date Fruit

Recent Trends in the Early Detection of the Invasive Red Palm Weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier)

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