Implicit cognition and depression: A meta-analysis

Psychosocial risk and protective factors for depression in the dialysis population: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis

“…Cognitive appraisals (or cognitions) and personality attributes have long been identified as important determinants in vulnerability and development of depression [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92]. Depressed people are found to have premorbid negative cognitions characteristic of loss, failure, worthlessness and rejection, and exhibit cognitive biases by attending to negative materials, recalling negative memories, and negatively interpreting ambiguous information [87,91,93].…”

Mindwandering heightens the accessibility of negative relative to positive thought

“…Thus, it is unclear whether an increased negative ratio indicates enhanced accessibility of negative thoughts or reduced accessibility of positive thoughts. However, it is noteworthy that previous literature adopted the SST as a measure of negative cognitions (Phillips et al, 2010).…”

“…By reporting the unscrambled sentence that first comes to mind, every sentence is resolved in either a positive or negative manner. In depression-related research, this task has been used extensively and found to be sensitive to fluctuations in the accessibility of negative cognitions (Phillips, Hine, & Thorsteinsson, 2010;Wenzlaff & Bates, 1998). Unlike the standard paradigm, we did not tax participants' executive resources by means of cognitive load (i.e.…”

Explicit self-esteem mediates the relationship between implicit self-esteem and memory biases in major depression

“…In this case, schemas would be composed by both implicit and explicit selfevaluations, which would reflect distinct constructs requiring different measurement strategies (Bosson et al, 2000). Current paradigms have been developed to measure self-evaluations indirectly (Phillips et al, 2010), relying on reaction time to evaluate implicit associations between emotional stimuli and self-concepts. Implicit self-esteem measures, as opposed to explicit self-esteem measures, are supposed to capture implicit attitudes toward the self (i.e., valenced association that a person has toward himself or herself), providing an index of self-evaluations while participants may not be aware that they are being measured, and do not have control over the measurement outcome (De Houwer, 2006).…”