Implicit and explicit procedural learning in patients recently remitted from severe major depression

Pedersen, Anya; Küppers, Kerstin; Behnken, Andreas; Kroker, Kristin; Schöning, Sonja; Baune, Bernhard T.; Rist, Fred; Arolt, Volker; Suslow, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.06.001

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Weiland-Fiedler, 2004), a hypothesis reinforced by a meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first episode MDD, which showed that attention deficits were not associated with clinical variables indicative of illness severity (Lee, 2012). Studies investigating attention deficits in patients in remission have shown long-lasting deficits not only in sustained attention (Weiland-Fiedler, 2004), but also in selective attention (Hammar, 2009;Paelecke-Habermann, 2005), although not systematically (Pedersen, 2009). Accordingly, attentional deficits could be involved in the functional difficulties sometimes observed after a depressive episode.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple attention test in the acute phase of a major depressive episode is predictive of later functional remission

Cléry-Melin

Gorwood

2016

Depress Anxiety

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple attention test in the acute phase of a major depressive episode is predictive of later functional remission

Cléry-Melin

Gorwood

2016

Depress Anxiety

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“…Abrams & Reber, 1988;Pedersen, et al, 2009;Pretz, et al, 2010;Reber, et al, 1991) by applying two different RSI conditions, as well as employing objective measures of the ability to apply and flexibly control sequence knowledge by the use of two different types of generation tasks. Finally, mood was induced throughout the experimental task by using target stimuli that were pictures of facial expressions of happiness and sadness, and assessed at the end of the experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study revealed that the recently remitted inpatients with depression showed no impairment on either explicit or implicit learning, using a serial generation task and an SRT task, respectively. However, in the group of recently remitted inpatients, explicit learning was negatively correlated with their depression score on the Beck Depression Inventory (Pedersen et al, 2009). With a different approach, using measurements of depression to distinguish between high and low depressive subjects within a normal population, Rathus, Reber, Manza and Kushner (1994) found no effect of depression on either implicit or explicit learning in a form of AGL task.…”

Section: Implicit Learning and Moodmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As a case in point, in Abrams and Reber's study (1988), implicit learning was measured by a traditional AGL task and explicit learning by a simple arithmetic task. In the study by Pedersen et al (2009), a traditional SRT was used to measure implicit learning and a considerably simpler sequence generation task was used to measure explicit learning. The use of an SRT task where the extent to which learning is implicit or explicit can be manipulated by varying the interval between making a response to one target stimulus and the appearance of the next target stimulus -referred to as the "response-stimulus interval" would enable a comparison between more implicit and explicit learning using the same task.…”

Section: Mood Induction Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of mood on learning in the serial reaction time task

Jones¹

2011

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Some domains such as sustained attention were even considered to be trait-markers of the disease [7]. Several studies failed to replicate these results [13][14][15] and some authors considered cognitive deficits as state-markers phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Performance in Remitted Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Case-Control Study

A¹

2013

J Depress Anxiety

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included late-onset depression patients and earlier-onset ones [9,16]. Some authors considered together patients remitted from MDD and from other affective disorders such as bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder and dysthymia [17]. Almost all did not investigate comorbid psychiatric conditions especially anxiety disorders wich can affect cognitive functions [18].Contradictory results could also be explained by the lack of consensus to define MDD and to state full-remission.Some authors did not consider manual's diagnostic criteria to establish the MDD diagnosis. To state remission, some investigators used self-assessment scales. Even when performing psychometric evaluation, there was no consensus concerning cut-off scores to define remission. Number of studies examined together patients partly and fully remitted. In several studies, temporal duration of euthymic mood has not been specified and some authors examined cognitive functions in patients at discharge without specifying duration of remission.The aim of the present study was to (1) examine the cognitive performance in a well-defined homogenous group of MDD patients in Abstract Background: Neurocognitive deficits in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) might hamper social readjustment and impede full recovery. Their reversibilityafter remission remains controversial.Diverge results are mainly explained by methodological biases.The aim of the present study was to (1) examine the cognitive performance in a well-defined homogenous group of MDD patients in remitted state and to (2) determine clinical features associated with cognitive deficits. Methods :We recruited thirty outpatients meeting the DSM-IV criteria of former MDD, 18 to 60 years-old, free from axis-I comorbid disorders and regularly consulting in the psychiatry department of Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia. Patients were in state of clinical remission for at least three months with HDRS score below 7 at the time of assessment. They were compared to thirty control subjects matched for age, sex, level of instruction and IQ. Participants were assessed for attention and processing-speed, working memory, verbal fluency, non-verbal memoryand executive functions. Results:Remitted MDD patients displayed cognitive dysfunction in attention and processing-speed, non-verbal memory and executive functions. Patients with a single depressive episode showed a general intact cognitive performance. A positive correlation was found between number of previous depressive episodes and longer duration of the illness respectively with attention and processing-speed, mental flexibility and non-verbal memory performance. Conclusions:Our results further reinforce the hypothesis of long-lasting cognitive impairment in remitted MDD patients.Findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction cannot be considered as trait marker but appears to be sensitive to depressive recurrence.

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Implicit and explicit procedural learning in patients recently remitted from severe major depression

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

A simple attention test in the acute phase of a major depressive episode is predictive of later functional remission

A simple attention test in the acute phase of a major depressive episode is predictive of later functional remission

Effects of mood on learning in the serial reaction time task

Neuropsychological Performance in Remitted Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Case-Control Study

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