Implicit and explicit memory bias to negative emotional information processing in students with and without social anxiety disorder

Memarian, Sepideh; Azaraein, Saeedeh

doi:10.1109/cogsci.2015.7426670

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…It is commonly reported that symptoms of depressive and anxiety disorders often co-occur (de Jong, Sportel, de Hullu, & Nauta, 2012;Sartorius, Üstün, Lecrubier, & Wittchen, 1996;Tiller, 2012), and are influenced by overlapping genetic factors (Eley & Stevenson, 1999;Taporoski et al, 2015). Indeed, similarly to depressive disorders, anxiety disorders have also been shown to be related to emotional memory bias (Coles & Heimberg, 2002;Eysenck & Byrne, 1994;Memarian & Azaraein, 2015). Of note, a recent study found that cueing of words during sleep benefited the extraction of emotional gist information from negative stimuli in socially anxious youths, but not healthy controls (Groch et al, 2017), suggesting that sleep may also influence emotional memory bias in anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of REM sleep and SWS on emotional memory consolidation in participants reporting depressive symptoms

Harrington

Johnson

Croom

et al. 2018

Cortex

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Negative emotional memory bias is thought to play a causal role in the onset and maintenance of major depressive disorder. Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep has been shown to selectively consolidate negative emotional memories in healthy participants, and is greater in quantity and density in depressed patients. Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS) is typically associated with the consolidation of non-emotional memories. However, the effects of REM sleep and SWS on emotional memory consolidation have not been investigated in participants reporting depressive symptoms. In this study, we recruited two groups of healthy participants; one reporting mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms, and another reporting minimal depressive symptoms (assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory; BDI-II). Using a within-subjects split-night design, we measured consolidation of positive, neutral and negative images across a 3 h retention interval rich in either REM sleep or SWS. We found a significant sleep condition x image valence interaction in participants reporting depressive symptoms [F (2, 20) = 4.73, p = .021], but not participants reporting minimal depressive symptoms [F (2, 22) = .17, p = .845]. Participants reporting depressive symptoms consolidated significantly more neutral memories during SWS, and marginally more negative memories during REM sleep, than those reporting minimal depressive symptoms [t (21) = 2.44, p = .023; t (21) = 1.96, p = .064, respectively]. Our preliminary results demonstrate that REM sleep and SWS have differential effects on the consolidation of emotional and neutral images in participants reporting depressive symptoms. Further studies including larger sample sizes are required to investigate whether REM sleep alterations promote the development of negative memory bias in major depressive disorder.

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