Implications of Tide‐Dominated Lagoonal Processes on the Preservation of Buried Channels on a Sediment‐Starved Continental Shelf

Oertel, George F.; Henry, Vernon J.; Foyle, Anthony M.

doi:10.1002/9781444303933.ch11

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The presence of heterolithic bedding with syneresis cracks suggests that deltaic feeder channels should occur; however, no significant deltaic channels are mapped. These deltaic feeder channels probably fall below the resolution of this study as wave‐dominated deltas commonly have fewer and smaller channels that may have been removed by transgressive wave ravinement (Oertel et al ., ).…”

Section: Parasequence Interpretations and Evolution Of Depositional Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of an ancient (Lower Cretaceous) marginal‐marine system from tide‐dominated to wave‐dominated deposition, McMurray Formation

Weleschuk

Dashtgard

2019

Sedimentology

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Regionally extensive parasequences in the upper McMurray Formation, Grouse Paleovalley, north‐east Alberta, Canada, preserve a shift in depositional processes in a paralic environment from tide domination, with notable fluvial influence, through to wave domination. Three stacked parasequences form the upper McMurray Formation and are separated by allogenic flooding surfaces. Sediments within the three parasequences are grouped into three facies associations: wave‐dominated/storm‐dominated deltas, storm‐affected shorefaces to sheltered bay‐margin and fluvio‐tidal brackish‐water channels. The two oldest parasequences comprise dominantly tide‐dominated, wave‐influenced/fluvial‐influenced, shoreface to bay‐margin deposits bisected by penecontemporaneous brackish‐water channels. Brackish‐water channels trend approximately north‐west/south‐east, which is perpendicular to the interpreted shoreline trend; this implies that the basinward and progradational direction was towards the north‐west during deposition of the upper McMurray Formation in Grouse Paleovalley. The youngest parasequence is interpreted as amalgamated wave‐dominated/storm‐dominated delta lobes. The transition from tide‐dominated deposition in the oldest two parasequences to wave‐dominated deposition in the youngest is attributed mainly to drowning of carbonate highlands to the north and north‐west of the study area, and potentially to relative changes in accommodation space and deposition rate. The sedimentological, ichnological and regional distribution of the three facies associations within each parasequence are compared to modern and Holocene analogues that have experienced similar shifts in process dominance. Through this comparison it is possible to consider how shifts in depositional processes are expressed in the rock record. In particular, this study provides one of few ancient examples of preservation of depositional process shifts and showcases how topography impacts the character and architecture of marginal‐marine systems.

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Section: Parasequence Interpretations and Evolution Of Depositional Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of an ancient (Lower Cretaceous) marginal‐marine system from tide‐dominated to wave‐dominated deposition, McMurray Formation

Weleschuk

Dashtgard

2019

Sedimentology

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“…The sharp-based, cross-stratified sandstones with lateral accretion surfaces are probably fills of active tidal inlets, although it is possible that the underlying erosional topography formed initially due to fluvial incision (cf. Oertel et al 1991). The uppermost unit is capped by transgressive lagoonal deposits.…”

Section: Genetic Sequences S5 Through S7mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenomanian Turonian Coastal Record in SW Utah, U.S.A.: Orbital-Scale Transgressive Regressive Events During Oceanic Anoxic Event II

Laurin¹,

Sageman²

2007

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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The Cenomanian-Turonian interval of the Sevier foredeep, western U.S.A., is examined in order to (1) establish a high-resolution stratigraphic framework for marginal-marine strata of this interval and (2) test for the existence of highfrequency (tens of kyr-scale) cycles of continental runoff or sea-level change predicted by the hemipelagic record and climate models. High rates of sediment accumulation in marginal-marine environments of southwestern Utah (up to 210 m/Myr, compacted) and a northward translation of the major Sevier thrusting made possible the preservation of a highly detailed record of shoreline movements. The coeval Bridge Creek Limestone, linked with the study interval using biostratigraphic and bentonite-stratigraphic data of previous authors, provides an unprecedented, high-resolution orbital time scale. Three orders of transgressive-regressive cycles defined as genetic sequences are identified in the upper Cenomanian (S. gracile and N. juddii Zones) through lower Turonian (W. devonense through M. nodosoides Zones). The longest sequence (S. gracile Zone through V. birchbyi Zone) spans approximately 800 kyr and is penecontemporaneous with the d 13 C org positive excursion that defines Oceanic Anoxic Event II (OAE II). Medium-term and short-term sequences show durations of c. 65-160 kyr and c. 20-40 kyr, respectively. Features suggesting regression due to relative sea-level fall are described from some of the 20-40 kyr cycles in the lowermost S. gracile Zone (possibly including the uppermost M. mosbyense Zone). The data provide the first physical evidence globally of Cenomanian-Turonian changes in shoreline position and relative sea level, whose recurrence interval was as short as a few tens of kyr. These processes provide a viable depositional link between the rhythmic deposition of the Bridge Creek Limestone and the primary orbital forcing of insolation and climate. Although the possible tectonic influence is difficult to unravel, the study area represents an important reference point for climate and oceanographic modeling of the Cenomanian-Turonian greenhouse and OAE II.

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“…The record of paleoenvironmental conditions preserved within paleochannels are of particular significance along lowaccommodation passive margins such as the U.S. Atlantic margin, where transgressive and regressive erosion associated with high-frequency Quaternary glacioeustatic cycles often leaves a fragmentary sedimentary record that is typically overprinted by transgressive processes and products (Field, 1980;Foyle and Oertel, 1997;Hine and Snyder, 1985;Snedden and Dalrymple, 1999;Snedden, Tillman, and Culver, 2011;Swift, 1975;Swift et al, 1984;Thieler et al, 2014). Paleochannels are common features beneath the modern coastal plain and continental shelf of the eastern United States (Baldwin et al, 2006;Childers et al, 2019;Colman et al, 1990;Colquhoun, Bond, and Chappel, 1972;Harris et al, 2005;Hine and Snyder, 1985;Nordfjord et al, 2005;Oertel, Henry, and Foyle, 1991;Thieler et al, 2014;Toscano et al, 1989). Although previous studies provide insights into the general distribution and basic sediment composition of paleochannels, few provide the detailed depositional facies and stratigraphic analysis required to document the variability of depositional processes that were active within these systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional Environments and Stratigraphy of Quaternary Paleochannel Systems Offshore of the Georgia Bight, Southeastern U.S.A.

Long

Hanebuth

Alexander

et al. 2021

Journal of Coastal Research

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Paleochannels are common subsurface geological features beneath inner continental shelves and coastal plains and are important archives of ancient depositional environments. This study, focusing on a 450-km portion of the inner continental shelf of the SE United States, adds to understanding of the timing of paleochannel development, the paleoenvironments in which they formed, and the mechanisms that drove their formation. Integrated analysis of 1089 km of high-resolution seismic reflection data and 12 sediment cores reveals that (1) most paleochannels documented here formed in backbarrier environments (estuarine or lagoonal) and were subsequently filled during transgression or following avulsion, preserving mud-rich, tidally influenced deposits; (2) the preservation of nonmarine deposits is rare;(3) paleochannels are either solitary or amalgamated, forming paleochannel complexes within which they are arranged in multistory (vertically stacked) or multilateral (horizontally offset) configurations, a product of local hydrodynamic conditions, antecedent geology, glacioeustatic cycles, and regional isostatic adjustments; and (4) a general southerly increase in the overall degree of channelization is observed across the Georgia Bight, a function of long-term accommodation, interaction with underlying stratigraphy, and dominant coastal processes. The composition and spatiotemporal distribution of paleochannel systems has implications for understanding the long-term evolution and preservation of complex coastal systems and informing regional Quaternary sea-level reconstructions.

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Implications of Tide‐Dominated Lagoonal Processes on the Preservation of Buried Channels on a Sediment‐Starved Continental Shelf

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution of an ancient (Lower Cretaceous) marginal‐marine system from tide‐dominated to wave‐dominated deposition, McMurray Formation

Evolution of an ancient (Lower Cretaceous) marginal‐marine system from tide‐dominated to wave‐dominated deposition, McMurray Formation

Cenomanian Turonian Coastal Record in SW Utah, U.S.A.: Orbital-Scale Transgressive Regressive Events During Oceanic Anoxic Event II

Depositional Environments and Stratigraphy of Quaternary Paleochannel Systems Offshore of the Georgia Bight, Southeastern U.S.A.

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