Implications of the timing of residential natural gas use for appliance electrification efforts

Fournier, Eric Daniel; Cudd, Robert; Federico, Felicia; Pincetl, Stéphanie

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aba1c0

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Correspondingly, their associated CO 2 emissions remain a key barrier to achieving decarbonization. Therefore, rapid electrification of future urban buildings is of equal importance to power sector decarbonization 40 , particularly under higher warming/emission scenarios. We note this as an important area for future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change, population growth, and power sector decarbonization on urban building energy use

Wang,

Song,

Shi

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Climate, technologies, and socio-economic changes will influence future building energy use in cities. However, current low-resolution regional and state-level analyses are insufficient to reliably assist city-level decision-making. Here we estimate mid-century hourly building energy consumption in 277 U.S. urban areas using a bottom-up approach. The projected future climate change results in heterogeneous changes in energy use intensity (EUI) among urban areas, particularly under higher warming scenarios, with on average 10.1–37.7% increases in the frequency of peak building electricity EUI but over 110% increases in some cities. For each 1 °C of warming, the mean city-scale space-conditioning EUI experiences an average increase/decrease of ~14%/ ~ 10% for space cooling/heating. Heterogeneous city-scale building source energy use changes are primarily driven by population and power sector changes, on average ranging from –9% to 40% with consistent south–north gradients under different scenarios. Across the scenarios considered here, the changes in city-scale building source energy use, when averaged over all urban areas, are as follows: –2.5% to –2.0% due to climate change, 7.3% to 52.2% due to population growth, and –17.1% to –8.9% due to power sector decarbonization. Our findings underscore the necessity of considering intercity heterogeneity when developing sustainable and resilient urban energy systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change, population growth, and power sector decarbonization on urban building energy use

Wang,

Song,

Shi

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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“…1. A1 [50] provided a series of analyses based on consumption data for appliance electrification efforts, but it did not specifically discuss load-shifting or mention the specific appliance. 2.…”

Section: Assessing Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematicity Review on Residential Electricity Load-Shifting at the Appliance Level

Manembu,

Kewo,

Bramstoft

et al. 2023

Energies

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Load-shifting is a demand-side management (DSM) strategy to support the efficiency of the electricity grid during hours of peak demand. Load-shifting at the appliance level is an interesting topic to review, since appliance usage is one of the main inputs of the load-profile analysis. More literature reviews on load-shifting at the appliance level are required, as this is a specific issue in the body of literature on load-profile research, though only a limited number of studies are available at this time. It is also essential to focus on appliance usage patterns to improve our understanding of the impacts and characteristics of different appliances. Existing studies on load-shifting have used commonly structured literature reviews; our work addresses the transparency of each stage and substage in the selection of the final list of studies. The findings show that efficiency has been achieved in installed-capacity reductions; costs, including those of emission reductions; and peak consumption reductions. The most frequently used method in load-shifting at the appliance level is to develop load-shifting optimization algorithms. This work contributes by providing a transparent process of drawing up a systematicity literature review as a source of knowledge and grounded theory. It also contributes to specific research on load-shifting at the appliance level by highlighting and discussing the key findings for the reader. In particular, it contributes to improving energy efficiency by describing load-shifting methods at the appliance level and identifying both controllable and uncontrollable appliances. This detailed literature review at the appliance level can make valuable contributions in support of decision- and policymaking by illuminating new dynamic systems specifically in load-shifting and in demand-side management in general for energy efficiency purposes.

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Accelerating the 1.5°C energy transition for Canadian residential buildings through selective direct electrification with heat pumps

McDiarmid

Parker

2022

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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Direct electrification of residential space and water heaters with heat pumps is a simple and effective approach to decarbonization.• Building envelope retrofits should be required as the first step toward electrification only in the most energy-inefficient homes. • Electricity infrastructure must be modernized to accommodate direct electrification of residential buildings and other sectors.Limiting global warming to 1.5-2.0°C in line with our climate commitments will require decarbonization of residential buildings. The traditional approach starts with major energy efficiency upgrades to the building envelope followed by switching to low-carbon fuel sources for space and water heating. Building envelope retrofits have been a policy goal for over two decades in Canada and elsewhere, yet historical rates and associated emission reductions fall far short of what is required if we are to meet our climate targets. Alternatively, we propose direct fuel switching to electric heat pumps for space and water heating in regions with low-carbon electricity. Using a database of 44,463 home energy profiles in Waterloo Region, Canada, we modeled the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission impacts of building envelope retrofits and direct electrification. While all retrofit plans achieved significant energy efficiency gains (17-40%), so did direct electrification (70%) and building envelope retrofits plus electrification combined (70-80%). Only plans that included electric heat pumps achieved greenhouse gas emission reductions of 90% or more. Compared to the conventional approach, direct electrification with heat pumps may be a simpler, more effective, and more realistic approach for policies aiming to decarbonize the residential sector.

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Implications of the timing of residential natural gas use for appliance electrification efforts

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Impacts of climate change, population growth, and power sector decarbonization on urban building energy use

Impacts of climate change, population growth, and power sector decarbonization on urban building energy use

A Systematicity Review on Residential Electricity Load-Shifting at the Appliance Level

Accelerating the 1.5°C energy transition for Canadian residential buildings through selective direct electrification with heat pumps

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