Implications of the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami on sea defence design

Raby, Alison; Macabuag, Joshua; Pomonis, Antonios; Wilkinson, Sean; Rossetto, Tiziana

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.08.009

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Therefore, in early 2011, the ASCE formed a subcommittee to develop the first U.S. tsunami loading standard. These standards will be published in ASCE 7-16 as a new chapter [ASCE, 2014;Raby et al, 2015;ASCE, 2016] and have been developed for the Pacific Coast of the US. The guidelines include tsunami hazard maps for Alaska, the Pacific Coast, and Hawaii, and the chapter provides procedures for estimating tsunami inundation, runup, flow characteristics, and hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads [ASCE, 2016].…”

Section: Design Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These practices include developing tsunami warning and evacuation systems for residents and improving design equations for coastal structures. Raby et al [2015] provide a thorough overview of Japanese, American, and British design guidelines for sea defense structures. It is important to analyze standards for both tsunami-mitigation structures and residential structures to validate their applicability to real world events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of a Macro-Roughness Element on Tsunami Wave Amplification, Pressures, and Loads: Physical Model and Comparison to Japanese and US Design Equations

Tomiczek

Prasetyo²,

Mori³

et al. 2017

Coastal Engineering Journal

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Experiments were conducted at a 1:20 length scale in a large tsunami flume to measure wave evolution and pressures on and around structural elements. The water surface profiles of waves propagating across a bare beach were compared with those recorded in front of an onshore obstacle representing an urban macro-roughness element. The addition of a structure significantly changed the water surface profile for broken waves: the water surface amplification in the presence of a macro-roughness element reached seven times the bareearth water surface elevation. Estimated pressures from design equations were calculated using recommended inputs and compared with pressures recorded by gauges installed on the structural elements. Design equations showed good agreement for non-breaking wave pressures but underestimated peak pressures for breaking waves. Likewise, force integrations of measured pressures on the experimental specimen indicated that design equations may underestimate loads due to waves that break offshore and propagate across T. Tomiczek et al.a beach as a turbulent bore. The time-integrated pressure impulse was shown to be less sensitive to wave characteristics than the peak recorded pressures. Time-averaged loading curves were also developed for different average periods.

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Section: Design Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Macro-Roughness Element on Tsunami Wave Amplification, Pressures, and Loads: Physical Model and Comparison to Japanese and US Design Equations

Tomiczek

Prasetyo²,

Mori³

et al. 2017

Coastal Engineering Journal

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show abstract

“…Coastal mega cities have to prepare to reduce these losses especially from the tsunamis. In addition to constructing proper embankments in advance of earthquake and tsunami occurrences Suppasri et al 2013;Raby et al 2015), immediate actions of individuals and groups after the earthquake/tsunami occurrences are critical for reducing significant, early-stage loss of life Makinoshima et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring offshore tsunami currents using ship navigation records

Inazu

Ikeya

Waseda

et al. 2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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We investigated ship navigation records known as Automatic Identification System (AIS) data near the source region of the 2011 Tohoku, Japan, tsunami. The AIS data of 16 ships in the offshore navigation could be compiled by about 40 min after the tsunami generation. Most of the AIS data showed notable deviation of the ship heading from the course over ground during the tsunami passage. There was good agreement in terms of amplitude/phase between the ship velocity and the simulated tsunami velocity in the direction normal to the ship heading. An equation of motion due to wave drag and inertia forces was examined for an offshore movable floating body. We explain that the ship movement in the direction normal to the heading immediately responds to the tsunami current, and relative velocity between the ship and the tsunami current asymptotically become zero. This indicates the movement velocity of navigating ships in the direction normal to the heading derived from AIS data will work as an offshore tsunami current meter. We examined the AIS data during the 2011 Tohoku tsunami and showed these data could be useful for tsunami source estimation and forecast. The AIS data in the current framework will possibly be a crowd-sourced tool for monitoring offshore tsunami current and tsunami forecast.

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“…Öte yandan, gerçekleşen depremin büyüklüğünün önceden göz önüne alınan en kötü senaryoları aşan özellikte olması ve dolayısıyla önlemlerin bu deprem büyüklüğüne göre düşünülmemesi, yetkili kuruluş Japonya Meteoroloji Ajansı tarafından depremden hemen sonra yapılan ilk tahminlerin gerçekleşen afet boyutuna kıyasla çok daha düşük ölçekte olması [14] ve bazı kıyı bölgelerinde yapılan tsunami uyarılarına rağmenoransal olarak az da olsa-bazı insanların panik ve trafik sıkışıklığı gibi nedenlerle tahliye olamaması temel sebepleriyle afetin meydana getirdiği can ve mal kaybı çok büyük olmuştur. Birçok araştırmacıya göre [2,4,5,15,16] alınan önlemler, afetin etkilerini tümden ortadan kaldıramasa da hayatını kaybedenlerin sayısını azaltmış, bölgede yaşayan insanların tahliyesi için daha fazla süre kazandırmıştır. Erken uyarı sisteminin -tsunami büyüklüğünü doğru tahmin edememesine rağmen-hızlı bir şekilde çalışması ve bölgede yaşayan Japon halkının afetler konusunda deneyimli ve eğitimli olması gibi sebeplerle hemen her mahallesi tsunami baskınına uğramış olan kıyı şehirlerinin (örnek olarak Taro, Miyako, Yamada, Kamaishi, Otsuchi, Onagawa, Rikuzentakata, Kesennuma, Arahama) nüfusunun %88'i kurtulmuştur [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tsunami̇ Afeti̇ Sonrasi Yapisal Ve Sosyal Planlama, Yapilanma Aşamalari Ve Farkindalik: Japonya Örneği̇

Güler¹,

Sözdinler

Arikawa

et al. 2018

Teknik Dergi

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Mart 2011 tarihinde gerçekleşen 9.0 şiddetindeki depremin yarattığı tsunami, Japonya'nın doğu kıyısı boyunca çok sayıda can kaybına ve ciddi hasara yol açmıştır. 2011 Tsunamisi'nin ardından Japonya'da yapılan planlama ve yeniden yapım çalışmaları alınması gereken önlemlere önemli bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Bu çalışmada afetin beş yıl ardından bölgeye yapılan iki farklı saha araştırma gezisinde gözlemlenen yapısal ve yapısal olmayan önlemler ile afet yönetimi ve afet farkındalığı yaratma çalışmaları ayrıntılarıyla sunulmuş ve Türkiye'deki mevcut çalışmalar tartışılmıştır.

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Implications of the 2011 Great East Japan Tsunami on sea defence design

Cited by 41 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of a Macro-Roughness Element on Tsunami Wave Amplification, Pressures, and Loads: Physical Model and Comparison to Japanese and US Design Equations

Effects of a Macro-Roughness Element on Tsunami Wave Amplification, Pressures, and Loads: Physical Model and Comparison to Japanese and US Design Equations

Measuring offshore tsunami currents using ship navigation records

Tsunami̇ Afeti̇ Sonrasi Yapisal Ve Sosyal Planlama, Yapilanma Aşamalari Ve Farkindalik: Japonya Örneği̇

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