Implications of genetic variation in mouse brain structure for electrode placement by stereotaxic surgery

Wahłsten, Douglas; Hudspeth, William J.; Bernhardt, Kathryn

doi:10.1002/cne.901620408

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Methods of fixation were very similar in the Williams (16) study, and the correlation of Edmonton data with their strain means was very high (r ϭ 0.88). The two older studies (17,18) both weighed unfixed brains, and fresh brain weights are expected to be slightly larger than fixed brain weights, but there is no reason to expect major strain-dependent differences in shrinkage (19).The similarity between the Edmonton data and the Roderick et al…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Stability of inbred mouse strain differences in behavior and brain size between laboratories and across decades

Wahłsten

Bachmanov

Finn

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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261

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If we conduct the same experiment in two laboratories or repeat a classical study many years later, will we obtain the same results? Recent research with mice in neural and behavioral genetics yielded different results in different laboratories for certain phenotypes, and these findings suggested to some researchers that behavior may be too unstable for fine-scale genetic analysis. Here we expand the range of data on this question to additional laboratories and phenotypes, and, for the first time in this field, we formally compare recent data with experiments conducted 30 -50 years ago. For ethanol preference and locomotor activity, strain differences have been highly stable over a period of 40 -50 years, and most strain correlations are in the range of r ‫؍‬ 0.85-0.98, as high as or higher than for brain weight. For anxiety-related behavior on the elevated plus maze, on the other hand, strain means often differ dramatically across laboratories or even when the same laboratory is moved to another site within a university. When a wide range of phenotypes is considered, no inbred strain appears to be exceptionally stable or labile across laboratories in any general sense, and there is no tendency to observe higher correlations among studies done more recently. Phenotypic drift over decades for most of the behaviors examined appears to be minimal.agonistic behavior ͉ anxiety ͉ ethanol preference ͉ gene-environment interaction ͉ locomotor activity

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mentioning

confidence: 95%

Stability of inbred mouse strain differences in behavior and brain size between laboratories and across decades

Wahłsten

Bachmanov

Finn

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

261

220

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show abstract

“…With respect to the individual differences among animals, there are detailed studies of stereotaxic variability in the skull landmarks and the brain structures in rat (Paxinos et al, 1985;Slotnick and Brown, 1980) and mouse (Slotnick and Leonard, 1975;Wahlsten et al, 1975). In contrast, to date, there is no counterpart study on the brain of naked mole-rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A new coordinate system for rodent brain and variability in the brain weights and dimensions of different ages in the naked mole-rat

Xiao¹

2007

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…Previous studies on deep brain interventions in rodents already pointed out the issue of variability in stereotactic targeting accuracy111219, resulting in a significant spread of the electrode tip within and outside the target region for different animals within the same study setup, despite identically defined entry and target points and using the same surgical procedure. These targeting inaccuracies may be caused by different factors, such as the stereotactic device, operator experience, inter-animal variability, the use of standard reference atlases, etc 1926…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…when using the same atlas with animals of a different size or strain), errors in intra-operative localization of bregma, operator-specific deviations etc. Some of these sources of inaccuracy in small animal stereotactic surgery have been characterized in previous reports10111213.…”

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confidence: 99%

Image-based in vivo assessment of targeting accuracy of stereotactic brain surgery in experimental rodent models

Rangarajan

Velde

Gent

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Stereotactic neurosurgery is used in pre-clinical research of neurological and psychiatric disorders in experimental rat and mouse models to engraft a needle or electrode at a pre-defined location in the brain. However, inaccurate targeting may confound the results of such experiments. In contrast to the clinical practice, inaccurate targeting in rodents remains usually unnoticed until assessed by ex vivo end-point histology. We here propose a workflow for in vivo assessment of stereotactic targeting accuracy in small animal studies based on multi-modal post-operative imaging. The surgical trajectory in each individual animal is reconstructed in 3D from the physical implant imaged in post-operative CT and/or its trace as visible in post-operative MRI. By co-registering post-operative images of individual animals to a common stereotaxic template, targeting accuracy is quantified. Two commonly used neuromodulation regions were used as targets. Target localization errors showed not only variability, but also inaccuracy in targeting. Only about 30% of electrodes were within the subnucleus structure that was targeted and a-specific adverse effects were also noted. Shifting from invasive/subjective 2D histology towards objective in vivo 3D imaging-based assessment of targeting accuracy may benefit a more effective use of the experimental data by excluding off-target cases early in the study.Stereotactic neurosurgery is used to introduce a needle or an electrode at a precise location in the brain, for instance to perform deep brain stimulation (DBS), lesioning (e.g. ablation) or cell-based therapy in patients to ameliorate symptoms of neurological disease. Clinical use of stereotactic neurosurgery benefits from experimental research on rodent models, for instance to identify potential target regions. Likewise, small animal investigations like DBS for neuromodulation 1,2 , electrochemical/ electrolytic lesioning for creating animal models or ameliorating symptoms 3,4 , as well as gene therapy investigations involving injection of stem cells/therapeutic agents/tracers 5-7 requires stereotactic brain surgery. They rely on standard stereotaxic brain atlases (e.g. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates (George Paxinos and Charles Watson, Academic Press, 2006 8 ) and skull landmarks (e.g. bregma (B), lambda (L)) for localizing the target in the rodent brain and for surgery planning 9 . Stereotaxic frames used in small animal brain surgery have species-specific head mounting platforms, with a manipulator that can move in three dimensions along the axes with respect to the head holder. The targeting accuracy of such devices is dependent on numerous factors, such as inter-animal anatomical variability, positioning errors (e.g. skull flat position), scaling errors (e.g. when using the same atlas with animals of a different size or strain), errors in intra-operative localization of bregma, operator-specific deviations etc. Some of these sources of inaccuracy in small animal stereotactic surgery have been characterized in previo...

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Implications of genetic variation in mouse brain structure for electrode placement by stereotaxic surgery

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Stability of inbred mouse strain differences in behavior and brain size between laboratories and across decades

Stability of inbred mouse strain differences in behavior and brain size between laboratories and across decades

A new coordinate system for rodent brain and variability in the brain weights and dimensions of different ages in the naked mole-rat

Image-based in vivo assessment of targeting accuracy of stereotactic brain surgery in experimental rodent models

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