Implications of chloride application rate and nitrogen fertilizer source to flue‐cured tobacco

Pace, Cara Ruth; Vann, Matthew C.; Fisher, Loren R.; Hardy, David H.

doi:10.1002/agj2.20251

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…(2011) and Pace et al. (2020). Moreover, in these growing environments, Cl rates did not affect tobacco quality, concentration of total alkaloids and reducing sugars or their ratio, price, or value (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Nutrient placement was in a single furrow adjacent to each planted row, approximately 12 cm away from the ridge and 12 cm deep. Nutrient application timing and methodology were consistent with Pace et al (2020). Total N rates used in the growing environments were 80, 85, and 92 kg ha −1 of N in the OTRS, LCPRS, and UCPRS, respectively, split in two applications, at 10 days after transplanting and at layby (when plant height was approximately 38 cm), using liquid 28% urea-ammonium-nitrate as an N source.…”

Section: Field Operationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

et al. 2023

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The increase in flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yields in recent decades due to genetic improvements of new cultivars and management technologies may increase the plant demand for Cl, and the increased dry mass may dilute Cl concentration, thereby reducing negative effects. This study evaluated the effect of increasing doses of Cl on tobacco production, quality, and chemical composition of leaves, in four growing environments located at research stations where flue-cured tobacco is produced in North Carolina. The treatments consisted of 11 rates of Cl (0, 11, 22, 34, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90, 101, and 112 kg ha −1 ) in each growing environment, with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The yield and visual quality, total alkaloids, and reducing sugars concentrations of cured leaf were determined. In addition, the concentration of selected nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cl) and nitrate (NO 3 − ) in tobacco leaves was measured in five different periods. Rates of Cl up to 112 kg ha −1 did not reduce the productivity or quality of flue-cured tobacco in any environment. The Cl rate required to reach the threshold of 1.0% Cl content in cured leaf was site-specific, being surpassed even in the control treatment at one location, or with Cl rates higher than 34 and 90 kg ha −1 in two environments. In one environment, the Cl rates increased tobacco yield, probably due the direct effect of Cl as a nutrient. Although the increasing Cl rates increased the reducing sugars concentration, visual quality was not attenuated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Field Operationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

et al. 2023

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“…Because environment was considered a fixed factor, only the main effects or interaction of the main effects are reported as appropriate. This methodology was previously reported by Lewis et al (2012) and Pace et al, and Hardy (2020). Data for cured leaf yield (Supplemental Tables S1, S2), quality (Supplemental Table S3), value Supplemental Tables S2, S4), and nicotine concentration (Supplemental Tables S2, S5) are included for individual growing environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…andPace et al (2020). Supplementary data for cured leaf yield, quality, value, and nicotine concentration are included for individual growing environments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetics influence postharvest measurements of flue‐cured tobacco more than nitrogen application rate

et al. 2021

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Regulations under consideration by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Organization propose that nicotine concentration in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) should be lowered to non-addictive levels (0.3 to 0.5 mg g −1 ). The proposed standards are 90 to 95% lower than the nicotine concentration typically documented in commercially available cultivars. Research was conducted in six environments to evaluate two cultivars with normal alkaloid levels (K326 and NC95) and four genotypes with low alkaloid levels (DH16A, DH22A, DH32, and LAFC53). Each cultivar and genotype was paired with three N application rates: 70, 85, and 100% of the recommended rate. As N application declined, so too did cured leaf yield and nicotine, anabasine, and anatabine concentration in K326 and NC95. These factors were generally not affected by N application in the low alkaloid genotypes. In contrast, LAFC53 consistently produced the lowest cured leaf quality, value, and reducing sugar concentration when compared to all other cultivars. This observation demonstrates that K326 isolines are agronomically superior to LAFC53. Despite reductions in nicotine, the lowest documented concentration was still 10fold greater than the proposed minimum (LAFC53). Nitrogen did not influence the measured parameters as much as genetics; therefore, additional research that involves other agronomic practices is warranted. In addition, further genetic manipulation will be required to meet the standards proposed by regulatory groups.

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“…(2019), and Pace et al. (2020). The SPAD measurements and NO 3 − concentration data were analyzed as repeated measures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Organic nitrogen fertilizer sources for field production of flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

et al. 2022

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Despite rapid expansion of organic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production in the US, limited research has been conducted comparing the numerous organic fertilizer sources. Organic flue‐cured tobacco traditionally relies on feather meal as the organic N fertility source, as it is readily available, but there is limited information on alternative organic N fertilizers. The objective of this research was to investigate seven different organic fertilizer sources to determine their effect on the growth and development of flue‐cured tobacco. From 2018 to 2019, field sites were established at four locations in North Carolina. Fertilizer treatments included sodium nitrate, composted layer manure, feather meal, corn gluten, soy protein, blood meal, and seabird guano. Both years, these organic N treatments were banded at sidedress (10 d after transplanting) at a rate of 78 kg total N ha−1. Sodium nitrate resulted in higher foliar nitrate‐N concentration than composted layer manure at layby and higher cured leaf yield compared with feather meal and composted layer manure. However, soy protein and seabird guano were often similar to sodium nitrate in yield response and resulted in higher yields when compared with other sources of organic N, such as feather meal and composted layer manure. While feather meal and composted layer manure resulted in a 10 and 11% reduction in yield, respectively, there was no significant difference in tobacco value among treatments. Our results suggest that organic tobacco farmers have other options for N selection beyond the current feather meal standard.

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Implications of chloride application rate and nitrogen fertilizer source to flue‐cured tobacco

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration

Genetics influence postharvest measurements of flue‐cured tobacco more than nitrogen application rate

Organic nitrogen fertilizer sources for field production of flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

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