Implications of Childhood Autism for Parental Employment and Earnings

Cidav, Zuleyha; Marcus, Steven C.; Mandell, David S.

doi:10.1542/peds.2011-2700

Cited by 268 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The MEPS has been used to provide national estimates of the characteristics of children with autism and relationships between them. 4,32,33 The Office of Human Research Ethics of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill reviewed this research and deemed it was not human subjects research because it uses deidentified secondary data and exempted it from additional oversight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Parent Insurance Ratings, Child Expenditures, and Financial Burden Among Children With Autism: A Mismatch Suggests New Hypotheses to Test

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE: Families raising children with autism contribute significant amounts to the cost of care. In this era of health care reform, families have more insurance choices, but people are unfamiliar with health insurance terms. This study uses 2 national data sets to examine health insurance ratings from parents raising children with autism and child expenditures to explore how these measures align. METHODS:Children with autism who met criteria for special health care needs and were continuously insured were examined. Data from the National Survey of Children With Special Health Care Needs 2009-2010 were used to examine parent report of adequate insurance (n = 3702). Pooled data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2002-2011 were used to examine expenditures (n = 346). Types of health insurance included private alone, Medicaid alone, and combined private and wrap-around Medicaid. RESULTS:Having Medicaid doubled the odds of reporting adequate insurance compared with private insurance alone (P < .0001), and children on Medicaid had the lowest out-of-pocket costs ($150, P < .0001). Children covered by combined private and wrap-around Medicaid had the highest total expenditures ($11 596, P < .05) and the highest expenditures paid by their insurance ($10 638, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS:These findings highlight a mismatch between parent ratings of insurance adequacy, child expenditures, and relative financial burden. Findings generate a number of questions to address within single sources of data. By elaborating the frameworks families use to judge the adequacy of their insurance, future research can develop policy strategies to improve both their satisfaction with their insurance coverage and the service use of children with autism.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Parent Insurance Ratings, Child Expenditures, and Financial Burden Among Children With Autism: A Mismatch Suggests New Hypotheses to Test

et al. 2016

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“…This has had an impact on their careers and an emotional, social and financial impact on them and the rest of the family. These findings emulate those of many previous studies on the experiences of parents of children with ASD where parents (particularly mothers) have reported wide ranging impacts including: reducing or giving up employment BourkeTaylor, 2012;McDonald, 2010;Reid, 2011;Ryan & Runswick Cole, 2009;Seltzer et al, 2001) decreased household income (Cidav et al, 2012;Montes & Halterman, 2008); mental health issues (Barker et al, 2011;Montes & Halterman, 2007;McDonald, 2012;Sawyer et al, 2009) family breakdown (McDonald, 2012) and family isolation (Gray, 1993;Woodgate et al, 2008). This indicates that the effects of the exclusion of children with ASD are far reaching and that schools must consider family needs and mechanisms for support need to be put in place.…”

Section: Chapter Summarysupporting

confidence: 86%

Square pegs in round holes: The mainstream schooling experiences of students with an Autism Spectrum Disorder and their parents

Harrington¹

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There has been an international movement towards inclusion and consequently an increasing number of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) attend mainstream schools. In recent years there has been a growth in cross-sectional research that seeks to understand the experiences of students with ASD in mainstream schools. This research indicates that students often experience bullying, a lack of understanding from teachers and peers and frequent suspensions and exclusions.To date there has been little research to explore the participation of students with ASD in mainstream school over time. There is a need to understand participation in mainstream school as a This thesis makes a contribution to knowledge about the participation of students with ASD in mainstream school by incorporating the perspective of students with ASD and their parents and more so, by considering participation across schooling years as a whole. It also makes a contribution to methodological knowledge about doing inclusive research with young people with ASD.

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“…Já em relação ao trabalho, a maior parte das mães não trabalhava e as que trabalhavam o faziam em regime parcial, em consonância com os dados encontrados na literatura que descrevem a tendência de mães de crianças com TEA saírem do mercado de trabalho ou a dedicarem-se às atividades laborativas em horário reduzido. Tal como descrito na literatura, esta situação pode contribuir com o agravamento do stress destas mães, uma vez que tendo que abrir mão de suas atividades profi ssionais ou de reduzir sua carga horária, além de terem uma perda fi nanceira, também podem sentir-se frustradas por não conseguirem dedicar--se ao trabalho que muitas vezes é fonte de satisfação, de elevação de autoestima e de manutenção de autonomia (Cidav et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Quanto às consequências do stress excessivo destas mães aparece associado ao surgimento de problemas de saúde física e mental (Hastings et al, 2005;Lovell, Moss, & Wetherell, 2012), prejuízos fi nanceiros e laborativos (Cidav, Marcus, & Mandell, 2012), relacionamento difi cultado com os cônjuges e demais fi lhos (Gomes & Bosa, 2004;Sifuentes & Bosa, 2010), aumento no número de divórcios (Hartley et al, 2010) e, fi nalmente, impacto negativo no tratamento de seus fi lhos (Osborne, McHugh, Saunders, & Reed, 2008).…”

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Avaliação de Treino de Controle do Stress para Mães de Crianças com Transtornos do Espectro Autista

Moxotó

Malagris

2015

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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ResumoO diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) em fi lhos tem sido descrito na literatura como razão de excessivo stress em suas mães. Como o Treino de Controle do Stress (TCS) de Lipp, já foi adaptado com êxito para o atendimento de diversas populações de diferentes faixas etárias, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a efi cácia de uma adaptação do TCS para mães de crianças com TEA (TCS-MTEA) na redução do stress desta população. Para isto comparou-se a presença e níveis de stress de vinte participantes, na faixa etária entre 20 e 50 anos, sendo dez submetidas a esta intervenção individual confi gurando uma amostra experimental (AE) e outras dez que tiveram apenas níveis de stress avaliados no mesmo intervalo de tempo, confi gurando uma amostra controle (AC). As vinte participantes foram avaliadas antes e após o treino com o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp. Ao fi nal da intervenção das dez participantes estressadas inicialmente na AE, sete estavam sem stress (70%) e as outras três apresentaram redução do nível de stress (30%) enquanto as dez da AC (100%) continuavam estressadas. Conclui-se que o TCS-MTEA foi efi caz na redução do stress das participantes da AE. Palavras-chave: Transtornos do espectro autista, mães, treino de controle do stress. AbstractThe diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a child has been described in literature as associated to excessive stress in their mothers. As the Lipp Stress Control Training (referred to locally as TCS) has been successfully adapted for the care of diverse populations of different ages, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an adaptation of TCS for mothers of children with ASD (referred to locally as TCS-MTEA) in reducing stress in this population. For this, the presence and levels of stress of twenty participants aged between 20 and 50 years was compared. Ten individuals were submitted to individual training, confi guring an experimental sample (ES) and ten only had stress levels evaluated in the same time interval, confi guring a control sample (CS). The twenty participants were assessed before and after training with the Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory. After the intervention, among the ten ES participants initially stressed, seven were without stress (70%) and the other three had the level of stress reduced (30%) while the ten CS participants (100%) remained stressed. The study concluded that the TCS-MTEA was effective in reducing the stress of the ES participants.

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Implications of Childhood Autism for Parental Employment and Earnings

Cited by 268 publications

References 19 publications

Examination of Parent Insurance Ratings, Child Expenditures, and Financial Burden Among Children With Autism: A Mismatch Suggests New Hypotheses to Test

Examination of Parent Insurance Ratings, Child Expenditures, and Financial Burden Among Children With Autism: A Mismatch Suggests New Hypotheses to Test

Square pegs in round holes: The mainstream schooling experiences of students with an Autism Spectrum Disorder and their parents

Avaliação de Treino de Controle do Stress para Mães de Crianças com Transtornos do Espectro Autista

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