Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

Romero, A.; Martinovic, K.; Callister, T. A.; Guo, Huai-Ke; Martínez, M.; Sakellariadou, Mairi; Yang, F. W.; Zhao, Yue

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.151301

Cited by 59 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Using the absence of a stochastic GWB signal in the data from the last three observing runs (O1-O3) of the LIGO/Virgo, one can constrain Ω gw sourced by FOPT, and consequently test the underlying particle physics models. The O1-O3 data were analysed [16] using either an approximated broken power-law (bpl) describing its main features in terms of the shape and the peak amplitude, or a phenomenological model accounting for contributions from bubble collisions and sound waves. In the former approach, the stochastic GWB spectrum is approximated by…”

Section: Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background From First Order Ph...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gravitational waves provide valuable information on astrophysical models of compact objects [6][7][8], the cosmic history of the universe [9,10], and the large-scale structure [11] independently of electromagnetic waves and corresponding observational tools like the cosmic microwave background. In addition, gravitational waves offer the means to test early universe processes [12][13][14], beyond the Standard Model particle physics at energy scales that cannot be reached by current or near-future particle accelerators [15,16], dark matter candidates [17][18][19][20][21], Einstein's theory of General Relativity [22,23], modified/extended gravity proposals [17,[24][25][26], and even quantum gravity candidate theories [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Sakellariadou

2022

Universe

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Gravitational waves provide a novel and powerful way to test astrophysical models of compact objects, early universe processes, beyond the Standard Model particle physics, dark matter candidates, Einstein’s theory of General Relativity and extended gravity models, and even quantum gravity candidate theories. A short introduction to the gravitational-wave background and the method we are using to detect it will be presented. Constraints on various astrophysical/cosmological models from the non-detectability of the gravitational-wave background will be discussed. Gravitational waves from transients will be highlighted and their physical implications will be summarised.

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Section: Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background From First Order Ph...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Sakellariadou

2022

Universe

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“…The first searches for such signals in the LIGO/Virgo data were performed in Ref. [56], and in future more sensitive experiments will probe large fractions of the relevant parameter space.…”

Section: Fundamental Physics Sources Of Gws (A) Phase Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neither the electroweak nor the quark-hadron phase transition is expected to have been firstorder, so any such GW signal would be clear evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. The first searches for such signals in the LIGO/Virgo data were performed in [56], and in future more sensitive experiments will probe large fractions of the relevant parameter space. It is possible to characterize the first-order phase transitions in terms of two dimensionless parameters, the strength of the phase transition, α, and the inverse duration of the phase transition, β, in addition to the reheating temperature T * .…”

Section: Fundamental Physics Sources Of Gws (A) Phase Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective sensitivities of atom interferometers to gravitational waves and ultralight dark matter

Badurina

Buchmueller

Ellis

et al. 2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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We survey the prospective sensitivities of terrestrial and space-borne atom interferometers to gravitational waves generated by cosmological and astrophysical sources, and to ultralight dark matter. We discuss the backgrounds from gravitational gradient noise in terrestrial detectors, and also binary pulsar and asteroid backgrounds in space-borne detectors. We compare the sensitivities of LIGO and LISA with those of the 100 m and 1 km stages of the AION terrestrial AI project, as well as two options for the proposed AEDGE AI space mission with cold atom clouds either inside or outside the spacecraft, considering as possible sources the mergers of black holes and neutron stars, supernovae, phase transitions in the early Universe, cosmic strings and quantum fluctuations in the early Universe that could have generated primordial black holes. We also review the capabilities of AION and AEDGE for detecting coherent waves of ultralight scalar dark matter. AION-REPORT/2021-04 KCL-PH-TH/2021-61, CERN-TH-2021-116 This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum technologies in particle physics’.

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“…5 we show examples of the GW spectra from bubble collisions for various sets of parameters. We also show the power-law integrated sensitivities [56] of upcoming GW experiments LISA [57], ET [58,59], AEDGE [60], AION/MAGIS [61][62][63], and SKA [64] as well as already running LIGO-Virgo [65] specifying its current sensitivity after O2 run [66] which is effectively a constraint [67], and finally the spectra that can explain the recently observed stochastic common-spectrum process at NANOGrav [68]. 12 The second relevant GW signal comes from large scalar fluctuations, that at the second order in the cosmological perturbation theory source GWs [96][97][98][99][100].…”

Section: Gravitational Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escape from supercooling with or without bubbles: gravitational wave signatures

2021

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Quasi-conformal models are an appealing scenario that can offer naturally a strongly supercooled phase transition and a period of thermal inflation in the early Universe. A crucial aspect for the viability of these models is how the Universe escapes from the supercooled state. One possibility is that thermal inflation phase ends by nucleation and percolation of true vacuum bubbles. This route is not, however, always efficient. In such case another escape mechanism, based on the growth of quantum fluctuations of the scalar field that eventually destabilize the false vacuum, becomes relevant. We study both of these cases in detail in a simple yet representative model. We determine the duration of the thermal inflation, the curvature power spectrum generated for the scales that exit horizon during the thermal inflation, and the stochastic gravitational wave background from the phase transition. We show that these gravitational waves provide an observable signal from the thermal inflation in almost the entire parameter space of interest. Furthermore, the shape of the gravitational wave spectrum can be used to ascertain how the Universe escaped from supercooling.

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Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

Cited by 59 publications

References 90 publications

Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Prospective sensitivities of atom interferometers to gravitational waves and ultralight dark matter

Escape from supercooling with or without bubbles: gravitational wave signatures

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