Implication of Sex Differences in Visceral Fat for the Assessment of Incidence Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ju, Sang Hyeon; Yi, Hyon‐Seung

doi:10.4093/dmj.2022.0089

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When VAT accumulates in the abdomen, the belly becomes bigger; however, belly fat consists of both VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (Nauli & Matin, 2019). Men have less subcutaneous adipose tissue and more VAT than women (Dalah et al, 2021); in women, fat tends to accumulate in gluteofemoral subcutaneous adipose tissue (Ju & Yi, 2022). In addition, the correlation between VAT and WC as well as WHR is weaker in women than in men (Nauli & Matin, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan

Chang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Nursing & Health Sciences

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Visceral adipose tissue accumulation is strongly linked with numerous chronic diseases; however, the accessibility for visceral adipose tissue measurement is limited. This study employed a cross‐sectional design to determine the optimal strongest predictor of high visceral adipose tissue in each sex and identified the optimal cutoff value thereof. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 94 men and 326 women aged ≥40 years in southern Taiwan. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to explore the optimal predictor of high visceral adipose tissue (defined as ≥135 cm2 for men and ≥100 cm2 for women) in each sex. The waist‐to‐hip ratio was the strongest predictor for men, with a cutoff value of 0.96 yielding the maximum sensitivity (94.29%) and specificity (93.22%). By contrast, body mass index was the strongest predictor for women, with a cutoff value of 25.45 kg/m2 yielding the maximum sensitivity (87.18%) and specificity (87.55%). The results may serve as a reference for health policy‐makers in screening for high visceral adipose tissue to identify individuals at high risk of developing chronic diseases for health promotion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan

Chang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Nursing & Health Sciences

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“…This shift in hormonal balance after menopause can affect lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, increasing the susceptibility to SCA in women [ 54 ]. Moreover, sex disparities in fat distribution, with women accumulating fat in hips and thighs while men favour abdominal deposition, contribute to age-related visceral fat accumulation in women, exacerbating IR and cardiovascular risk [ 55 ]. Inflammation and oxidative stress, key factors in IR and CVD, exhibit greater sensitivity in women, augmenting SCA risk [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of triglyceride glucose index and triglyceride glucose-body mass index with sudden cardiac arrest in the general population

Zhang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background Insulin resistance (IR) significantly contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) are recognised as convenient proxies for IR. However, their relationship with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains unclear. Methods This prospective cohort analysis included 355,242 UK Biobank participants with available TyG index and TyG-BMI data and no history of CVD. Cox proportional risk models assessed the association between the TyG index, TyG-BMI and SCA risk. Additionally, Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) models were employed to investigate the timing of SCA onset. The impact of dynamic increases in TyG index and TyG-BMI levels on SCA risk was examined using restricted cubic spline. Results Over a median follow-up period of 165.4 months (interquartile range 156.5–174 months), 1,622 cases of SCA were recorded. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed a 9% increase in SCA risk per standard deviation increase in TyG index (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.15) and an 14% increase per standard deviation increase in TyG-BMI (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09–1.2). AFT models indicated earlier median times to SCA occurrence with increasing quintiles of TyG index and TyG-BMI compared to the lowest quintile (P for trend < 0.05). SCA risk was linearly (P = 0.54) and non-linearly (P = 0.007) correlated with gradual increases in TyG index and TyG-BMI levels, respectively. Sex-stratified analyses showed stronger associations in women. Conclusions Higher TyG index and TyG-BMI levels are associated with an increased SCA risk and earlier onset, particularly in women.

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“…reported ( 67 ) that males had significantly higher levels of VAT compared to females, both in obese and non-obese populations. Additionally, Sex hormone effects also contribute to differences in fat distribution, with estrogen promoting SAT accumulation ( 20 ) and testosterone favoring visceral fat accumulation ( 68 ); these differences may underlie the gender differences in diabetes risk. In summary, females generally have a lower propensity to accumulate visceral fat compared to males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, growing evidence suggested that VAT, an ectopically deposited adipose tissue, exhibits a stronger association with insulin resistance than SAT and plays a more important role in the development of diabetes ( 16 – 18 ). Moreover, gender disparities in visceral adiposity in the microenvironment significantly impact the development of diabetes ( 19 , 20 ). Therefore, the quantification of VAT may provide a more effective means of assessing diabetes risk in diverse gender populations and accurately predicting its occurrence and future trends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The predictive significance of lipid accumulation products for future diabetes in a non-diabetic population from a gender perspective: an analysis using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics

Qiu,

Kuang,

Zou

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveThe increasing prevalence of diabetes is strongly associated with visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and gender differences in VAT remarkably affect the risk of developing diabetes. This study aimed to assess the predictive significance of lipid accumulation products (LAP) for the future onset of diabetes from a gender perspective.MethodsA total of 8,430 male and 7,034 female non-diabetic participants in the NAGALA (NAfld in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) program were included. The ability of LAP to assess the risk of future new-onset diabetes in both genders was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the impact of potential modifiers on the association between LAP and diabetes. Additionally, time-dependent receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive power of LAP in both genders for new-onset diabetes over the next 2-12 years.ResultsOver an average follow-up of 6.13 years (maximum 13.14 years), 373 participants developed diabetes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significant gender difference in the association between LAP and future diabetes risk (P-interaction<0.05): the risk of diabetes associated with LAP was greater in females than males [hazard ratios (HRs) per standard deviation (SD) increase: male 1.20 (1.10, 1.30) vs female 1.35 (1.11, 1.64)]. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant modifying effect of factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, drinking history, exercise habits, and fatty liver on the risk of diabetes associated with LAP (All P-interaction <0.05). Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that LAP had greater accuracy in predicting diabetes events occurring within the next 2-12 years in females than males with more consistent predictive thresholds in females.ConclusionsThis study highlighted a significant gender difference in the association between LAP and future diabetes risk. The risk of diabetes associated with LAP was greater in females than in males. Furthermore, LAP showed superior predictive ability for diabetes at different time points in the future in females and had more consistent and stable predictive thresholds in females, particularly in the medium and long term.

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Implication of Sex Differences in Visceral Fat for the Assessment of Incidence Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan

Prediction of high visceral adipose tissue for sex‐specific community residents in Taiwan

Association of triglyceride glucose index and triglyceride glucose-body mass index with sudden cardiac arrest in the general population

The predictive significance of lipid accumulation products for future diabetes in a non-diabetic population from a gender perspective: an analysis using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics

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