Implication of Selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase Deficiency in the Pathology of Hemodialyzed Patients

Saint-Georges, M. D.; D'Auzac, Christian; Bonnefont, D.; Bourely, B.; Jaudon, M C; Galli, Andrea

doi:10.1515/9783110861990-051

Cited by 2 publications

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“…A randomized control trial was performed in France in 1989 in which the effects of oral treatment with 500 µg selenium for 3 months and 200 µg for the next 2 months were tested in terms of cardiac function. As compared with the placebo control, the IVS (interventricular septum) in an echocardiogram decreased, although the cardiac function did not change [38]. In another study, a correlation between decreased serum selenium levels and coronary flow reserve was examined as an indicator of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in HD patients.…”

Section: Selenium Deficiency In Dialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selenium supplementation in dialysis patients has been attempted for a long time. A lists of these trials is presented in Table 4 [38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The treatment protocol has not been well-determined and varies, including intravenous treatment with 400 mg of sodium selenite.…”

Section: Treatment Of Selenium Deficiency In Dialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace Elements and Their Management in Dialysis Patients—Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Wakino

2023

Kidney and Dialysis

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Recently, as the number of elderly dialysis patients has been increasing, complications associated with low nutritional status such as infectious disease have had a strong influence on the prognosis of dialysis patients. Nutritional disorders are caused by the inadequate intake of the three major nutrients—proteins, fats, and carbohydrates—as well as vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Minerals are composed of various elements, including small-amount elements and trace elements, which are present in the human body in very small quantities lower than that of iron. In dialysis and predialysis patients, zinc, manganese, and selenium are the three major elements that are significantly depleted as compared to normal subjects; these deficiencies are sometimes symptomatic. Zinc deficiency is manifest as anemia, taste abnormality, and delayed wound healing, while selenium deficiency is associated with impaired cardiac function and immunocompromised condition. Zinc has multiple functions, since various enzymes, including DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase, need zinc as a cofactor, while selenium is a component of selenoproteins, including glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductases, which are major antioxidative stress enzymes. These elements can only be supplemented exogenously and contribute to the sustainable QOL of dialysis patients. On the other hand, as regards other trace elements, including copper, chromium, manganese, lead, arsenic, etc., the association of their deficiency or intoxication with various involvements of dialysis patients were investigated, although all investigations were performed in cross-sectional studies or observational studies. Therefore, the supplementation of these elements is inconclusive, given the scarcity of other intervention studies. More conclusive studies are endorsed for the establishment of proper supplementation strategies.

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Section: Selenium Deficiency In Dialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Of Selenium Deficiency In Dialysis Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Elements and Their Management in Dialysis Patients—Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Wakino

2023

Kidney and Dialysis

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Selenium in global food systems

2001

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Food systems need to produce enough of the essential trace element Se to provide regular adult intakes of at least 40 m g/d to support the maximal expression of the Se enzymes, and perhaps as much as 300 m g/d to reduce risks of cancer. Deprivation of Se is associated with impairments in antioxidant protection, redox regulation and energy production as consequences of suboptimal expression of one or more of the Secontaining enzymes. These impairments may not cause deficiency signs in the classical sense, but instead contribute to health problems caused by physiological and environmental oxidative stresses and infections. At the same time, supranutritional intakes of Se, i.e. intakes greater than those required for selenocysteine enzyme expression, appear to reduce cancer risk. The lower, nutritional, level is greater than the typical intakes of many people in several parts of the world, and few populations have intakes approaching the latter, supranutritional, level. Accordingly, low Se status is likely to contribute to morbidity and mortality due to infectious as well as chronic diseases, and increasing Se intakes in all parts of the world can be expected to reduce cancer rates.

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Implication of Selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase Deficiency in the Pathology of Hemodialyzed Patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Trace Elements and Their Management in Dialysis Patients—Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Trace Elements and Their Management in Dialysis Patients—Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Selenium in global food systems

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