Abstract:Ears are one of the most important sensory organs of the human body. It is one of our primary sensors along with our eyes, nose, skin etc. However, while many people may have perfectly functional ears some suffer from partial or total hearing loss or hearing impairment. In order to tackle this, many suggest the use of hearing aids, sign language, cochlear implants. But of all the different ways, one of the best way to beat this inability is to train oneself to lip read. In simple words, lip reading is the inte… Show more
Visual speech Recognition or Lip reading is used for teaching differently abled persons to communicate with others. It has been determining speech by looking at the movement of the lips. There are many practical difficulties in traditional lip-reading recognition systems like complicated image processing, difficult to teach classifiers and recognition processes will take a long time. In our paper, we proposed the use of convolutional neural networks- Hidden Markov model (CNN-HMM) in lip reading. Since CNN will assign importance to an input image, it is easier to see a difference among the images. HMM used to handle the dynamics of the image sequence. First we convert the incoming video into images and these images selected for further operation. HMM provides a highly reliable way of speech recognition.
There are various risks associated with online payment, such as theft of funds or misuse of personal data. For this reason, there are payment gateways that allow you to make secure payments for products purchased online. But there are already many of them today. The aim of the paper is to find out, based on the analysis and comparison of secondary sources, which payment gateways are currently considered the most used according to these sources and to compare them with each other.
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