Implicaciones de Género en la Sociedad de la Información: Un Análisis desde los Determinantes de Uso de Internet en Chile y México

Abstract

This document presents the gender differences in Internet use for some Latin American countries and, through an empirical exercise, validates these differences, as well as the gender interaction with the determinants of Internet use. For this purpose, a model of interaction effects is applied to Mexico and Chile, with the income as one of the key determinants in the use of Internet. The main findings suggest that the positive effect of the income on the probability of use of Internet is greater for men than for women. This is one of the first papers that show the status of gender indicators and Internet use in the region. Additionally, this is the first empirical validation of gender gaps given by using models based on information from ICT households' surveys of Mexico and Chile. Thus, based on findings on the gender implications in Internet use, we raised the discussion to public policy guidelines for the region.

Gender Digital Divide and Education in Latin America: A Literature Review

“…In fact, the lack of education negatively affects the access and use of ICT [21]. Hence, there is a great consensus on education as an element for improvement in terms of access and use of ICT, and that quality education improves equity in other dimensions of the system [30,35,39]. In addition, public education and its access implies an improvement in terms of reducing the GDD, which is relevant since education appears as the element that produces and reproduces stereotypes in the use of ICT [49].…”

“…Continuing with the analysis of Table 5, it is relevant to highlight a basic requirement to overcoming digital divides in education, in which it is proposed that even the internet can be a catalyst for social development, and this only occurs when the person has developed other cognitive skills, such as those related to writing and reading comprehension [58]. In this sense, the knowledge, literacy, creation of digital content, communication and collaboration skills are considered as basic digital skills to be acquired by students of the 21st century [31,38,39]. Additionally, it is reinforced the idea that a greater teacher training could achieve a transformation of educational practice through a true digitization of citizenship, achieving an inclusive education [55,56].…”

Adopción De Internet en México: Propuesta De Un Índice De Telecomunicaciones

“…En términos de género, históricamente ha destacado la brecha de acceso al Internet (Bimber, 2000), la cual se ha ido cerrando en los últimos años (Robinson et al, 2015), no obstante el acceso, un hecho innegable es que las mujeres se caracterizan por consultar contenidos distintos a los hombres, así como por navegar con menor frecuencia (Agostini & Willington, 2012; Gray, Gainous y Wagner, 2017; Wasserman & Richmond-Abott, 2005); es decir, si no se da una brecha en acceso, sí se da una brecha en el uso (Sánchez, 2010). En un estudio empírico sobre los determinantes de uso del Internet, en un análisis comparado para México y Chile, uno de los principales hallazgos fue el efecto positivo del ingreso económico en la probabilidad de uso de Internet, mayor para los hombres que para las mujeres, es decir, que las diferencias de género prevalecen a lo largo de diferentes edades, niveles educativos y niveles de ingreso (Sánchez, 2010).…”

Análisis comparativo sobre nativos, migrantes digitales y brecha digital profunda en México y Uruguay, 2016

“…Estas nuevas dimensiones de la desigualdad digital cobran cada día mayor importancia debido a la generalización de la sociedad del conocimiento y la mayor cantidad de actividades sociales sustentadas en plataformas de internet. De ese modo, en este contexto, pocos trabajos han enfocado estos niveles de la desigualdad digital desde un enfoque de comparación internacional (Galperin, 2017;Sánchez Galvis, 2010).…”