Implementing molecular catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysers

Nguyễn, Minh Khôi; Ranjbari, Alireza; Catala, Laure; Brisset, François; Millet, Pierre; Aukauloo, Ally

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.04.040

Cited by 59 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[1] However, the high cost and scarcity of noble-metal-based catalysts used in these electrodes is the main drawback of the PEM water electrolyzer for its widespread use.Various noble-metal-free catalysts for the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) have been reported, such as complexes of transition metals with organic ligands, molybdenum sulfides and oxides, tungsten oxides, tungstic acid salts, heteropolyanions, and nickel-based alloys, although there are very limited reports on the catalytic behavior evaluated in the PEM elec-trolyzer. [24][25][26] Quite recently, we developed a Co-containing carbonaceous nanoparticle aggregate by sublimation and pyrolysis of Co phthalocyanine (CoPc), which is a new type of HER catalyst functioning in the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer. [27] Highly stable catalytic activity was observed in a 100 h intermittent operation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonaceous Hydrogen‐Evolution Catalyst Containing Cobalt Surrounded by a Tuned Local Structure

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The low activity and durability of noble-metal-free catalysts in acidic media are major problems that hinder their practical use. This study reports significantly enhanced activity of a cobalt-containing carbonaceous catalyst used for the hydrogen-evolution reaction in a water electrolyzer by using a proton-exchange membrane (PEM), which is an efficient energy-conversion device that is suitable for intermittent renewable energy sources. On the basis of X-ray absorption near-edge structure, the enhancement in activity was attributed to a change in the local structure surrounding the Co atom. The PEM water electrolyzer formed by using the catalyst with an optimized structure and Co surface concentration showed an enthalpy efficiency of 80 % at 1 A cm À2 .Water electrolysis is a process that converts electric energy into the chemical energy of H 2 and O 2 , and has recently attracted much attention as an energy-storage system accompanying renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic cells and wind turbines. A suitable water electrolyzer for these intermittent and fluctuating power sources is one that uses a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) as the electrolyte owing to its quick response to changes in power input, its wide operating range, and its high efficiency. [1] However, the high cost and scarcity of noble-metal-based catalysts used in these electrodes is the main drawback of the PEM water electrolyzer for its widespread use.Various noble-metal-free catalysts for the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) have been reported, such as complexes of transition metals with organic ligands, molybdenum sulfides and oxides, tungsten oxides, tungstic acid salts, heteropolyanions, and nickel-based alloys, although there are very limited reports on the catalytic behavior evaluated in the PEM elec-trolyzer. [24][25][26] Quite recently, we developed a Co-containing carbonaceous nanoparticle aggregate by sublimation and pyrolysis of Co phthalocyanine (CoPc), which is a new type of HER catalyst functioning in the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer. [27] Highly stable catalytic activity was observed in a 100 h intermittent operation. However, the activity was much lower than that produced by conventional Pt-based catalysts, leading to a high overpotential and low efficiency of the PEM electrolyzer.The results of a previous study suggested that the active site in the carbonaceous catalyst was the Co atom coordinated by four N atoms and embedded in the carbon matrix (CoÀN 4 moiety), which was derived from the center of CoPc. In this study, we found that control of the local structure surrounding the Co atom was possible through double heat treatment, and the catalytic activity was enhanced on the basis of this structure change.The carbonaceous nanoparticle aggregate was formed by the first heat treatment of m:1 mixtures (m = 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2) of CoPc/Ketjenblack (KB) at 700 8C after increasing the temperature at a rate of 1 8C min À1

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonaceous Hydrogen‐Evolution Catalyst Containing Cobalt Surrounded by a Tuned Local Structure

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, only a few studies can be found implementing Co-clathrochelates in PEM electrolyzers. As can be seen from Table 3, the cell performance when cathodes are impregnated with such stable Co-containing electrocatalyst complexes is comparable to other earth-abundant catalyst systems, achieving current densities of 0.65 and 1 A/cm 2 at 1.7 and 2.15 V, respectively (Dinh Nguyen et al [165] and Grigoriev et al [166]). In both these works, the Co-clathrochelates were implemented in 7 cm 2 cells, but with different loadings.…”

Section: Co-clathrochelatesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Earth-Abundant Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers

Sun

Fleischer

et al. 2018

Catalysts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to adopt water electrolyzers as a main hydrogen production system, it is critical to develop inexpensive and earth-abundant catalysts. Currently, both half-reactions in water splitting depend heavily on noble metal catalysts. This review discusses the proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis (WE) and the progress in replacing the noble-metal catalysts with earth-abundant ones. The efforts within this field for the discovery of efficient and stable earth-abundant catalysts (EACs) have increased exponentially the last few years. The development of EACs for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media is particularly important, as the only stable and efficient catalysts until now are noble-metal oxides, such as IrOx and RuOx. On the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) side, there is significant progress on EACs under acidic conditions, but there are very few reports of these EACs employed in full PEM WE cells. These two main issues are reviewed, and we conclude with prospects for innovation in EACs for the OER in acidic environments, as well as with a critical assessment of the few full PEM WE cells assembled with EACs.

show abstract

“…Platinum is largely used as an electrode material due to its high electrochemical stability, high adsorption capacity of organic and inorganic species, and low energy promoting hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions in aqueous media (Aston et al, 1964;Appleby, 2009;Dinh Nguyen et al, 2012;Park et al, 2012;Santos et al, 2013). However, Pt is a very rare and expensive material and thus the development of electrodes containing very low levels of Pt, such as thin films of high surface area, maximizes metal use and diminishes the cost of the electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Area Ti/Pt Electrodes for the Electrochemically Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil with Methanol

Oliveira

Cesarino

Machado

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biodiesel fuel is a renewable energy source normally produced in industry by using an alkaline homogeneous catalyst to promote the transesterification of oil and methanol to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Undesirable side reactions occur when poorly refined oils are used, leading to serious problems of product separation and low FAME yield. Therefore, about 85% of the cost of biodiesel is determined by the cost of the feedstock. Here, we describe the development of high-area Pt films deposited on Ti substrates for the electrolytic synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil containing water, without the addition of catalyst. The higher both the calcination temperature and the number of layers deposited on the Ti surface, the higher the electrochemically active area of Pt exposed to surface. Conversion into esters in electrolysis is proportional to the increase in the superficial area of the Ti=Pt electrodes. Thus, it is possible to synthesize biodiesel using electrodes containing very low amounts of Pt (<0.441 mg cm À2 ), an important parameter in the industrial production of biodiesel.

show abstract

Implementing molecular catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysers

Cited by 59 publications

References 67 publications

Carbonaceous Hydrogen‐Evolution Catalyst Containing Cobalt Surrounded by a Tuned Local Structure

Carbonaceous Hydrogen‐Evolution Catalyst Containing Cobalt Surrounded by a Tuned Local Structure

Earth-Abundant Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers

High-Area Ti/Pt Electrodes for the Electrochemically Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil with Methanol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About