Implementing forest landscape restoration under the Bonn Challenge: a systematic approach

Stanturf, John A.; Kleine, M.; Mansourian, Stéphanie; Parrotta, John A.; Madsen, Palle; Kant, Promode; Burns, Janice; Bolte, Andreas

doi:10.1007/s13595-019-0833-z

Cited by 112 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(192 reference statements)

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“…In spite of the attention focused on FLR, consensus on what constitutes FLR and what differentiates it from functional or ecological restoration is elusive [17,80]. In line with better defining what counts as FLR, the GPFLR in 2018 proposed a series of six principles for FLR:…”

Section: Historical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2017, scientists from IUFRO collaborated on the development of guidelines for FLR implementation [17,81]. These followed a project management cycle and were split into four phases as follows:…”

Section: Guidelines For Implementing Flrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these efforts are underpinned by the forest landscape restoration (FLR) approach, a process that seeks to regain ecological integrity while enhancing human well-being [16]. Although restoring forests is clearly needed, tree planting is more complex than often understood [17,18], and should not be an excuse for continued forest loss and degradation or for the afforestation of nonforested ecosystems [19,20]. Ambitious targets risk turning FLR into an end in and of itself, rather than one of many tools to ensure that our planet maintains its forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest landscape restoration: state of play

Stanturf

Mansourian

2020

R. Soc. open sci.

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Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and restoring biodiversity restoration. The Bonn Challenge and New York Declaration on Forests, motivated by widespread deforestation and forest degradation, call for restoring 350 million ha by 2030 by relying on forest landscape restoration (FLR) processes. Because the 173 million ha commitments made by 63 nations, regions and companies are not legally binding, expectations of what FLR means lacks consensus. The frequent disconnect between top-level aspirations and on-the-ground implementation results in limited data on FLR activities. Additionally, some countries have made landscape-scale restoration outside of the Bonn Challenge. We compared and contrasted the theory and practice of FLR and compiled information from databases of projects and initiatives and case studies. We present the main FLR initiatives happening across regional groups; in many regions, the potential need/opportunity for forest restoration exceeds the FLR activities underway. Multiple objectives can be met by manipulating vegetation (increasing structural complexity, changing species composition and restoring natural disturbances). Livelihood interventions are context-specific but include collecting or raising non-timber forest products, employment and community forests; other interventions address tenure and governance.

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Section: Historical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Guidelines For Implementing Flrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest landscape restoration: state of play

Stanturf

Mansourian

2020

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…The reality in many landscapes is that ecological restoration, without regard to sustaining livelihoods and addressing needs of local communities, is a prescription for failure. An alternative formulation, functional restoration, focuses on restoring the ecological functioning of landscapes that are robust in the face of global change, notably climate change, rather than attempting to return to specific “natural” composition and/or structure (Stanturf et al ).…”

Section: Forest Landscape Restoration: Responding To An Urgent Needmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Landscape Restoration: increasing the positive impacts of forest restoration or simply the area under tree cover?

Mansourian

Stanturf

Derkyi

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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Restoring forest landscapes is critical in the face of continued global forest loss and degradation. In this article, we explore some challenges underlying the delivery of global commitments to restore forest landscapes. We propose that three fundamental questions need to be resolved upfront for the effective implementation of Forest Landscape Restoration and related commitments: (1) What social and ecological landscape objectives are being sought through Forest Landscape Restoration? (2) How are specific areas being selected for restoration? (3) How is success measured when restoring forest landscapes? We believe that there is an urgent need to adequately answer these questions to successfully implement political commitments for large‐scale forest restoration.

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“…FLR includes a suite of different land uses—from protection of natural forests to establishment of commercial tree plantations—which in a given landscape are intended to generate various ecological and socioeconomic benefits. To this end, monitoring generates the information that provides the basis for social learning and adaptive management (Le et al ), both of which are essential processes for FLR (Stanturf et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diagnostic for collaborative monitoring in forest landscape restoration

Guariguata

Evans

2019

Restoration Ecology

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Monitoring is crucial to meet the goals of the major global forest landscape restoration (FLR) initiatives that are underway. If members of the global FLR community are going to learn from one another, a multi‐scalar, multi‐site monitoring approach is needed to generate information that can provide the basis for social learning and adaptive management, both of which are essential processes for FLR. This requires reframing and expanding the perspective of monitoring so that compliance monitoring is just one component of a multidimensional approach where collaborative monitoring and compliance‐oriented monitoring are complementary. However, FLR planners and implementers often lack experience in applying collaborative approaches in multi‐stakeholder settings, and there are few tools that show how to implement FLR or to engage in collaborative monitoring in FLR. Through a literature review, we identified the factors that contribute to successful collaborative monitoring in FLR and synthesized them into a diagnostic that was vetted by 20 global experts. The result is a checklist of 42 core success factors to be assessed at local, subnational, and national levels at different stages in the planning and implementation of FLR. The tool has practical application by providing guidance on best practices: specifically, how to start collaborative monitoring, and more generally, how to plan, prepare for, and evaluate FLR activities. This diagnostic complements other diagnostics, such as those used to identify FLR sites, as it can identify preexisting strengths and weaknesses in new initiatives, or pinpoint problems with ongoing implementation. The diagnostic explicitly addresses issues of scale, including multiple sites, governance levels, and changes over time.

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Implementing forest landscape restoration under the Bonn Challenge: a systematic approach

Cited by 112 publications

References 148 publications

Forest landscape restoration: state of play

Forest landscape restoration: state of play

Forest Landscape Restoration: increasing the positive impacts of forest restoration or simply the area under tree cover?

A diagnostic for collaborative monitoring in forest landscape restoration

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