Implementation of VR Technologies in Language Learning Settings: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology with a potential impact on education. Due to cost and usability limitations, it has not been used extensively. However, recent research studies suggested VR as a learning environment with benefits on students' learning performance through experience. It especially has various benefits for language learners. Learning a new language requires interaction and an immersive learning experience. In order to reveal its benefits and challenges and make suggestions for future implementations, this study focused on using VR in language learning and reviewed the literature in terms of how VR was used in language learning environments. The researchers systematically discovered 32 studies between 2018 and 2022 and examined them in terms of research methods, languages, school groups, VR tools, benefits, and limitations of using VR in a language learning environment. The researchers found that using VR in a language learning environment influenced learners' motivation and academic performance in a positive way. In addition, VR makes the learning environment more realistic, engaged, simulated, and interactive. However, using VR for a long time may cause some health problems for some age groups. It was also noted that interaction between students and teachers was low, but the interaction between the environment and students was high. Therefore, using VR in language learning may decrease instructors' control in the learning environment. The researchers argue that VR is an effective tool for increasing academic performance but has some challenges for teachers and students regarding technical constraints and interaction. The implications and recommendations of this study inform the researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and administrators about how to implement VR in language learning environments.